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Spring cotton preservation seedlings measures
Seed preparation and purchase of excellent seeds The selection of high quality seeds is a prerequisite for guaranteeing seedling emergence, Miao Qi, Miao Quan and Miao Zhuang. Therefore, it is necessary to purchase the seeds for the production and operation of large businesses, packaging specifications, maturity, and fullness, and high germination rate, while avoiding the selection of small businesses, the production of non-standard packaging, high breakage rate, low rate of healthy seeds, germination rate Low seeds reduce the chance of being exposed to counterfeit seeds. Pharmaceutics seed dressing, as the larvae of cotton seedlings in the soil and the damage of cotton seedlings, anthrax, red rot pathogens, etc., can easily lead to bad seeds and bad shoots, which will affect the seedling emergence rate of cotton seedlings. Pharmacy treatment is an important approach and measure to prevent and treat diseases and insect pests and increase the emergence rate of cotton seedlings. Uncoating cotton seeds should be seed dressing. 50% of carbendazim WP, 0.5% of seed amount, 30% of uremic WP or 50% thiophanate-methyl WP of 0.6% seed content, and 39.1EC or 40% of 75% of seed 0.8% Methylisothiphos EC mixed seed dressing, 2 to 3 kg of water per 100 kg of seed. Sowing before sowing, select fine weather, spread the cotton seeds to break the bag for 2 to 3 days, can effectively promote the cotton seed ripening, kill the seeds of bacteria, increase the seedling emergence rate of cotton seed. The preparation of land for rotation cropland and rotation of grass crops will help improve the soil structure, reduce the incidence of cotton seedling diseases, and increase the emergence rate. Therefore, when choosing the land for cotton, it is better to choose the land where the cotton was not planted or the land for rotation, and the land that has been replanted for many years should be avoided to continue to grow cotton. Leveling the land to deepen the soil to determine the type of cotton to deepen 25 to 30 cm, in order to reduce the surface pathogens, help to emerge. Irrigation should be done in advance so as to avoid excessive watering due to too late watering. The ground temperature is low and it is not conducive to emergence. Before sowing, the land will be ploughed so that it will reach "Qi, Ping, Song, Broken, Net, and Shu." Appropriate fertilization seed fertilizers are used improperly, especially nitrogen fertilizers and chicken manure that is not fully decomposed will affect the seedling emergence rate of cotton seed. Therefore, fertilization should be applied to the base fertilizer. The manure should be fully decomposed, pay attention to the ratio of N, P and K, and apply P and K fertilizers more. The use of mulching techniques to sow the plants in the open, and in case of heavy rain, the upper layer of the seed can be hardened and the germs are difficult to penetrate, thus affecting the emergence rate. The mulching film has the functions of increasing the ground temperature, maintaining the soil moisture, and avoiding the danger of heavy rain. Therefore, the mulching technology should be promoted and applied. Scientific sowing suitable for sowing on the production of excessive emphasis on early sowing, ranging from the average temperature is stable at 10 ~ 12 °C on the premature sowing, will cause "early but not full." In case of rainy weather, the dual effects of low temperature and high humidity are more likely to cause bad species and rotten buds. When the average temperature on the day is stable at 10°C, the temperature of 5 cm below the membrane can reach 12°C or more. The suitable period for continuous filming and sowing in southern Fujian is from April 20th to April 30th. This year, the sowing date can be appropriately delayed and the seeds can be sown from April 25th to April 30th to promote rapid germination and emergence of seedlings. Increasing the seeding rate Since this year's cotton seeds generally have low germination rates, it is necessary to increase the seeding rate in order to ensure the total number of seedlings. In general, 50% to 100% more than the normal year, the amount is appropriate. That is, the sowing rate of this year's mu is generally 1.5 to 2 kg. The depth of sowing should be suitable for the absorption of cottonseed, and the top soil capacity is weak. When sowing is too deep, the germ is difficult to penetrate the soil layer; when it is too shallow, the seeds are exposed to the surface of the soil or the soil around the seeds is quickly dried, making it impossible for the seeds to absorb enough water to germinate. This will affect the germination and emergence of cotton seed. Therefore, the depth of cotton seed should be appropriate, and the mulching film should be 2 to 3 cm.