1. What are the most basic requirements for seedlings suitable for high-performance rice transplanters? Answer: The high-performance rice transplanter uses the standardized seedlings with nutrient soil as the carrier. The standard height, width, height, and height of the block is 58 cm, 28 cm, 2 cm, and the width is in the range of 27.5 cm to 28 cm. The four corners are vertically squared with no missing edges. Each square centimeter block on the conventional rice to be seedlings 1.5 to 3, 1 to 1.5 seedlings of hybrid rice, and Miao Qi Miao uniform root consolidation, lifted, can be placed in the whole tank, will not cause a stagnation , empty or missing plug. 2. What is the external dimension of the machine transplanter? Answer: The size of the oyster block inserted in the machine is controlled by a special hard plastic tray or floppy disk with a length and width of 58 cm and 28 cm. In double membrane breeding, the prescribed size is ensured by cutting before planting. 3. What are the strength indicators for machine seedlings? A: The machine-planting seedlings have strong and vigorous indicators: about 20 days of age, plant height 12 to 17 cm, leaf age 3.5 to 4? 0 leaf, seedling stem width ≥ 2 mm, more than 10 white roots per plant, 100 on the ground The dry weight of the plants is ≥2.0g, the root system is compacted and lifted. 4. What are the morphological characteristics of strong seedlings cultivated in high yield by machine transplanting? Answer: The seedlings of machine-transplanted seedlings are morphologically characterized by suitable seedlings, uniform and orderliness, thick and flat stems, no disease, and no black root and dead leaves. Strong and vigorous requires a proper ratio of carbon to nitrogen in the body, very flexible leaves, a large number of root-derived sources, strong rooting ability after transplanting, and strong resistance, capable of rooting and erecting seedlings early, and early living and early-onset. 5. What are the commonly used ways of rice transplanting and breeding? A: In recent years, the widely used rice transplanting method has been developed on the basis of industrialized breeding. As far as the use of cushions for breeding, hard disk breeding, floppy disk breeding, and double film breeding are commonly used. The investment cost is high, and the scope of use is reduced year by year. In terms of the water management model for paddy fields, it can be divided into wet seedlings and water control seedlings. The latter is more conducive to the development of robust seedlings suitable for machine insertion, and the flexibility of seedlings is greater. 6. What is floppy disk breeding technology? A: The floppy disk breeding is made by high-pressure polyethylene and other materials blow molding a length of breadth and height of 58 cm, 28 cm, 2.5 cm, similar to a plastic tray technology. It can be sleeved in a hard plastic plate and sown on the seeding line to be planted on the seedlings. It can also be placed on a sampan plate, and then it can be planted and seeded. 7, what is called double membrane breeding technology? What are the advantages? A: The double-membrane seedling is made of a mulching film with holes, and it is laid directly on the sampan, and then soil, water, sowing, film-covering, temperature-raising, and seedling raising are performed directly above it. Double film, it is called double film breeding. Double-membrane breeding has the advantages of less investment, low cost, simple operation and convenient management. 8. Which plots are suitable for cultivating earthworm beds? Answer: Suitable for bed soil are soil with loose soil, cultivated dry land, or top soil with autumn ploughing, winter turning, and spring hoeing. There should be no hard impurities in the soil, and less weeds and germs. Heavy clay and sandy soil should not be used as bed soil, and soil should not be taken from wasteland and herbicide sprayed in the season. 9. How many kilograms of qualified fine soil should be prepared for each mu of Daejeon? Answer: The quantity of qualified nutritious soil should be determined according to the nature of the soil and the mode of breeding. In general, 100 kg of fine soil (mixed fertilizer) is required for every mu of field, and another 25 kg of fine soil not mixed with fertilizer is required to cover the seed. 10. How to fertilize bed soil? Answer: The soil of a fertile vegetable garden can be directly used as bed soil after sieving. Other suitable soils are recommended to complete the borrowing in the winter. Before taking soil, fertilizing the land should be applied. Each person can use 2,000 kg of decomposed human and animal manure per acre, and 25% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be 60 kg to 70 kg. Or inorganic fertilizer such as ammonium sulfate 30kg, superphosphate 40kg, potassium chloride 5kg. Advocate the use of a strong agent that is suitable for the local soil properties instead of inorganic fertilizers. When bed soil is processed and screened, mix 0.5kg to 0.8kg of drought-resistance strength agent per 100kg of fine soil. To increase the pH of the soil, it is advisable to increase the superphosphate to reduce the pH (suitable pH is 5.5-7.0). After the application of continuous rotation rotary tillage 2 to 3 times, take topsoil and cover agricultural film to bed soil aging. 11. What are the requirements for bed soil for machine insertion? Answer: The fertilizer is well-proportioned, and the fertilizer and water are in harmony. After the sieving, the fine soil particle size is not more than 5 mm, and the particle size of 2 to 4 mm is more than 60%; the fine soil moisture content is controlled at about 15%, reaching the requirements of hand-kneading into groups and landing on the ground. 12. Why do bed preparation work early? Answer: The purpose of fertilizing the soil in bed soil in advance and grasping the appropriate moisture content is to promote full maturation of the soil and fertilizer and blending land and fertilizer. If the fertilization is too late or the water content is too low, the organic fertilizer can not fully decompose, the inorganic fertilizer can not be fully dissolved, and easy to form fertilizer or fertilizer dead seedling after sowing. 13. How to choose a breeding site? Answer: The selection of the breeding bed should be based on the location of the machine inserted into the field and the form of the childbirth. If intensive farming is adopted, field plots adjacent to machine-assisted fielding, drainage and irrigation, convenient transport, and convenient operation and management should be selected for the purpose of centralized management and conservation of transportation labor while transplanting, and at the same time, long distance transportation can be prevented. And hurt the seedlings. If farmers are used as a unit to distribute their education, they can use their free and sunny farmland to grow their own bedspace. 14. What is the proportion of Datian fields where robots are inserted? Answer: The proportion of Datian fields where robots are inserted into the larvae should be enough for 1:80 to 100 mu. 15. What is the size of the standardized trampoline? Answer: The width of the board is 1.4-1.5 meters, the width of the board is 20-30 centimeters wide, and the depth is 20 centimeters; the width of the ditch around is 50 centimeters, and the depth is 20 centimeters. 16. What are the specific operating requirements for fine-cutting? Answer: 10 days before sowing, the fields in Sheung Shui will be dredged, and the ditch will be used as a board. After the board is finished, the board will be drained to make the board surface settle. 2 days before sowing, shovel high and fill low, fill in cracks, and make full photo, the board surface to achieve "solid, flat, light, straight." Put around the ditch around Putian to ensure that the irrigation and drainage is smooth, so that when the seeds are sown, the board surface will be solid, not white, and not sinking. 17, how to choose machine inserted rice varieties? Answer: Use the main cultivars provided by the local agricultural department. According to different cornices, variety characteristics and safe heading date, suitable varieties with suitable high quality, high yield, and stable grain and heavy grain for the growing period can be selected. 18. How many types of rice should be prepared for each mu of field when transplanting seedlings? Answer: The number of seeds collected per acre of Daejeon's machine is particularly sufficient depending on the type of seed. Generally, hybrid rice needs 1 to 1.5 kg of seed and conventional rice needs 3 to 3.5 kg. In addition, the double-membrane seedlings have a slightly higher seeding amount than the disk seedlings due to cutting and cutting. 19, how to determine the sowing period of machine inserted rice? A: There are obvious differences between transplanting seedlings and conventional seedlings. First, the seeding density is high. Second, seedling roots are interweaved only in thin soil layers with a thickness of 2 to 2.5 cm. The flexibility of the seedlings is small. When the seeding period is determined, it must be According to the cornice arrangement, the sowing date is calculated according to 15 to 20 days of age. In the suitable sowing date range, when the planting area is large, the planting time should be implemented according to the production conditions such as machine tools, labor force and irrigation water, so as to ensure that the seedlings are transplanted at the appropriate age, and the seedlings are not super-aged. 20. What are the common selection methods? What requirements should be taken into consideration when using salt water selection? Answer: The seed selection method is drying seeds, removing awns, sieving seeds, salt water selection, or wind dressing. When using salt water for seed selection, the specific gravity of the selected liquid should generally be equal to or greater than 1.10, and indica rice should generally be equal to or greater than 1.06. Salt water selection solution preparation method: 1 liter of water for every 20 grams of salt added, the proportion of aqueous solution increased 0.01 (specific gravity of 1.10 for the determination of the selection method can use fresh eggs into salt water, the surface area of ​​the water is 2 cents coin size. ). After the salt water is selected, the seeds should be washed with water immediately to remove the salt from the outer part of the hull, so as to avoid affecting the germination and soaking directly after washing. Hybrid rice seeds are precious and expensive. Generally, they are floated with fresh water, divided into floating and sinking parts. They can be germinated and sown separately, allowing the growth of the same plate seedlings to be relatively neat to facilitate machine insertion and field management. 21. Why should we stick to the soaking of pesticides? What are commonly used soaking agents and methods of use? Answer: The purpose of adhering to the pharmacy soaking is mainly to kill the bacteria that the rice seeds carry. The main diseases transmitted by rice seeds include bakanae disease, rice blast disease, rice smut, bacterial leaf blight, and in addition, barley leaf blight, which is transmitted by the rice planthopper during the seedling stage. At present, the commonly used soaking agents for rice seedlings include “100 gramsâ€, “Sulfurâ€, and “Imidaclopridâ€. How to use: When soaking seeds, use “make 100 grams†or “Scholk†2 ml plus 10% “imidacloprid†10 grams, dilute 6 to 7 kg, immerse 5 kg of seeds, and do not need to wash to direct germination after soaking. 22. What is the standard for seed sucking moisture? A: The standard for the seed to attract sufficient moisture is transparent husks, visible white rice grains, and easily broken rice grains without sound. The length of the soaking time should be determined by the temperature. Generally, the indica rice seeds are soaked in 60°C for 2 days, and the indica rice seeds are soaked in 80°C for 3 days. 23. What are the main technical requirements for germination? A: The main technical requirement for germination is: "fast, homogeneous, uniform, and strong." "Fast" refers to urging buds within two days; "Qi" means requiring more than 85% of the germination potential; "uniform" means that the buds are uniform and long; "Zhuang" means that the young shoots are thick, and the ratio of roots and buds is appropriate; The color is bright white, the smell is fresh, and there is no flavor. 24, what is the "broken chest", why high temperature "broken chest"? Answer: When germination occurs, when the rice is piled up and the seed embryos break through the chaff, it is called a broken chest. After the seed sucks enough water, the proper temperature is the main condition for breaking the chest quickly and neatly. In the high temperature limit of 38 °C (ie, the maximum maximum temperature may not exceed 38 °C), the higher the temperature, the more vigorous the physiological activity of the seed, the more rapid and neat chest rupture. On the contrary, the broken chest is slow and irregular. It is easy to form large and small seedlings after sowing. For this reason, warming measures should be taken if the temperature is low at the time of germination. Secondly, after the piled rice has risen in its own temperature, it is necessary to control the temperature inside and outside the grain piles to be the same, and if necessary, to turn it over, so that the rice seeds can be heated evenly and promote rapid and uniform breaking of the chest. 25. Why do you want to sprout buds and then sowing? Answer: Since budding is performed at a higher temperature, this temperature is generally higher than the temperature at that time. Spreading buds is an important way to enhance the ability of buds to adapt to the external environment and increase vitality. Generally, after the sprouts have been pressed, the indoor booth is air-dried for 4 to 6 hours until it is wet and dry. 26. How many sheets of floppy disk are required for each mu of field when floppy disk is raised? How long is it covered with agricultural film? Answer: Generally, about 25 floppy disks are required for each mus of the floppy disk and about 4.0 meters long is covered with the 2 meters wide agricultural film. 27. When the double-film seedlings are grown, generally there is a hole base film per mu, and how many meters are covered with agricultural film? A: Two-membrane seedlings should be planted with a 1.5-meter wide-width plastic mulch per acre, and a cover of 2 meters wide with 4.0 meters each. 28. How many kilograms of dry straw are required for each square meter of trampoline? Answer: 0.6-0.7 kilograms of dry straw are required per square meter of boring machine. 29, how to flush the bottom hole? What is the appropriate punching specification? Answer: In the case of punching the base film of a double-membrane childbirth, the common method is to place the base film neatly on wooden boards that are 1.5 meters long, 15 meters wide, and 5 meters thick, and then scribing and punching. The hole spacing is generally 2.0 cm 2.0 cm or 2.0 cm 3.0 cm, and the aperture is 0.2-0.3 cm. The aperture should not be too large, otherwise it will cause a large number of perforation of perforation, increase the difficulty of creping, and even can not form a block. 30. What are the requirements for laying out floppy disks? A: In order to make full use of the fascia boards and to facilitate picking up, each fascia board is lined with two rows of floppy disks, which are tiled one after the other, closely and neatly arranged, and the flashes of the plates and plates must be overlapped and discharged. No deformation, no warping.
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