Many types of jujube diseases and pests

There are many kinds of jujube pests and diseases, among which the most common and the most serious ones are the “four bugs and one disease”, namely jujube pot, jujube cockroach, juvenile armyworm, peach borer and date rust. The prevention and control work is an important technical measure to improve red jujube output and improve the quality of jujube fruit.

One, Zao Zhi Jian, also known as Jujube, is commonly known as the top door to eat. It is the main leaf pest of jujube trees. 1 generation occurred in 1 year, wintering in the soil layer 6-10 cm deep under the tree, and adult feathering began in the middle and late March of the following year, and the larvae began to germinate when the jujube tree sprouts in mid-April and mid-April. incubation. May was the heaviest.

Control methods:

1. Exterminate overwintering crickets Before winter or early spring adult emergence, within 10 feet of the trunk, plan to dig 10 cm deep soil and dig to kill overwintering lice.

2. Inhibiting the female moth According to the habit of the female moth having no wings to lay eggs along the tree trunk, a 10-15 cm wide plastic film tape is tied at the base of the trunk before the emergence of the female moth in mid-March, and the two ends are fastened together. Buried in soil. Digging a round ditch around the trunk and removing 2.5% trichlorfon powder inside can poison the female moth and the newly hatched larvae. It can also coat the plastic film with oil or glue.

3. Chemical control Spray 50% of dichlorvos or parathion 1000 times, or 3000 times of cypermethrin 3000 times before larvae.

Second, juvenile cricket mosquitoes, also known as jujube buds, damage jujube tree buds and young leaves. The worms occur early, have many algebras, and have a long duration of damage. They have a great impact on the development of seedlings, saplings, and establishment of mature trees. They are one of the main leaf pests of jujube trees. The insects occurred in the North China region for 5-7 generations in one year. The mature larvae lived in the soil and survived the winter. In April of the following year, the adult ecloses emerged and spawned. In early May, it was the culmination of the disease.

Control methods:

1. The ground spray is sprayed with 5% trichlorfon powder or 25% phoxim 1000-fold liquid, combined with gardening to eliminate the overwintering insects.

2. The canopy spray is sprayed “1605” 1500 times in larvae or (without fruit), spraying 40% omethoate 1000 times in fruit to kill larvae.

Third, jujube Mythimna separata, also known as jujube leaf leafworm, larvae eat jujube leaves, jujube flowers and fruit, and can eat fruit leaves, resulting in fruit drop, a great impact on the yield. The worm spread over the winter in the cracks of the bark of the main tree of the jujube trees, and began to emerge during the winter from mid-March to the end of April. Generational larval stage: first-generation larvae, mid-April to late June, bite feeding buds and young leaves; second-generation larvae, mid-June to mid-August, injures jujube flowers, leaves, young fruit; Three generations of larvae, especially in late July and mid-October, are particularly harmful to the leaves, and the fruit is then broken. Adults lurk during the day, night activities, strong tendency toward the black light.

Control methods:

l. Manually prevent rough trunks from being scraped off in winter to eliminate overwintering mites. Before each generation of larvae defoliates, sows on the main branch to collect grass, trapping larvae and phlegm, and then dissolving the grass to burn it off.

2. Chemical control The brooding hatching period of each generation of larvae is the key to chemical control. In particular, the prevention and control of the first generation larvae should be paid attention to, because this generation occurs more neatly, and the effect of chemical control is better. The use of pharmaceuticals: 50% to kill yam pine 1000-2000 times, 2.5% deltamethrin 4000 times, 20% cypermethrin 3000 times, or 80% dichlorvos 1500 times, spraying requirements carefully and meticulous, uniform and thoughtful. In addition, spraying 50% parathion 2000 times in the early spring adult stage has a killing effect on both adults and eggs.

3, light trapping can be set in the orchard black light trap adult.

Fourth, peach small carcinogenic masses called jujube, generally occur, pest fruit rate of 50% -70%, seriously affecting the yield and quality. In Hebei Province, one or two generations occurred in one year. Mature larvae were found to be overwintering in the 10-l5 cm soil layer around the trunk, and were unearthed in the middle of June and August in the coming year. Early and late excavations were closely related to rainfall, and were unearthed early in the rain and early. The period from the end of July to the end of August.

Control methods:

l. Exterminate overwintering larvae in winter and spring to excavate overwintering mites, or cultivate a 10-15 cm thick mound within 1 m around the rhizomes, tap and sturdy to prevent feathering adults from unearthing.

2, drug control and use of lures to do a good job of forecasting, when the number of insect traps per day up to 3-4 head, indicating the emergence of female adult peak, spray 3-4 days after the peak spray control. Effective medicine: killing butyl or pyrethroid pesticides at a rate of 3000-5000 times once a day for 15 days.

Five, jujube rust commonly known as date fog, the main damage to the leaves, when the disease is severe, causing early defoliation, so that jujube real shrinkage, reduced sugar content, thereby weakening the tree vigor, affecting yield and quality. The disease occurs in the middle to late July, peaks from August to September, and begins to fall. In July-August, high temperatures and heavy rain, heavy onset, and mild onset in dry years; low-lying, densely planted, canopy-closed jujube forests, with high incidence, high altitude, and good ventilation.

Control methods:

l. Agricultural control 1. Clearance of fallen leaves in winter, concentrated burning, and reducing the source of germs. 2 To plant a dense jujube tree, be sure to trim the dense shoots in order to facilitate ventilation and enhance the tree vigor. 3 Timely drainage in the rainy season to prevent excessive humidity and cause morbidity.

2, chemical prevention

According to the amount of rainfall, a 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture was sprayed in early July and sprayed again in early August to generally control disease development. Spray Daisen has 1000 times the control effect.

Jujube rot disease

Jujube rot disease is known to be caused by the pathogen of apple ringworm disease, and its basic symptoms are similar to it, so it is also called jujube ringworm disease. Its sexual stage is Physalospora piricola Nose, belonging to the genus Ascomycota; anamorphous stage Macrophoma kawatsukai Hara, belonging to the subgenus Imperfecta. Can damage pears, peaches, apricots, plums, jellyfish and other fruit trees. Jujube fruit infection after the disease in the early less, coloring, harvest period and storage period can be disease. At the beginning of the disease, cutaneous lesions mainly appeared as light brown lesions, and then expanded to reddish-brown lesions. The diseased pulp tissue was rotten, and there was acid odor but no bitterness. Finally, the whole fruit rot was easy to fall off. At present, all major jujube areas are distributed, which is one of the important diseases in the jujube area. Once onset, it is not easy to control.

1. Regularity of occurrence There is no manifestation of roteninosis on the branches of winter jujube. It is not known whether the disease is caused by bacteria. However, latent pathogens such as leaf spot diseases and dry rot are likely to cause fungal fruit. disease. Rotaria viridis is spread by wind and rain in the young fruit period, causing fruit infection and latent in the skin or shallow fruit tissue. Once the fruit stops growing, the physiological activity is weakened, and more late rainy weather can cause disease. . The relationship between the onset of disease and the latent infection of weak parasites should be closely related to the occurrence of fruit in late rainy weather. Otherwise, it is difficult to spread the disease from a source other than the jujube tree branch. Thorn-suction oral insects should also occupy a certain position.

2. The prevention and control methods can be combined with the use of jujube anthracnose in combination with medications. In particular, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of branches and branches of hedgehogs and poplars, such as hedgehogs and poplars, from 6 to 9 months of young fruits to white ripening fruits.

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