Application of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer to prevent burning seedlings

Jilin Zhang Bojin, a corn-growing farmer in Siping, Jilin province, planted a hatchback corn plot at the end of April this year. In order to apply base fertilizer to spring corn, he chose two compound fertilizers, one of which was 48% (16%-16%-16%) of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, 27 kg/mu, and the other 29%- 9%-13% of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, application rate is 30 kg per mu. The method of sowing and fertilizing in the two compartments is machine-seeding. Seeds and fertilizers go down from the two pipes respectively, and the depth of the soil into which the fertilizer is applied is two fingers and two fingers and a half. The emergence of seedlings was very slow. In late May, the leaves of maize were not stretched, and the leaves were dark green. The strong winds blew the seedlings and dangled directly. The roots of the maize seedlings showed brown rot and only the main roots were absent. Scallops and root hairs.

Expert: This typical case tells people that the application of high-concentration compound fertilizer is too shallow to burn seedlings, not the problem of fertilizer itself.

In the spring maize planted by Lao Zhang, fertilisers and corn seeds are closer. After the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer dissolves quickly, the high salt concentration of urea nitrogen in the soil solution inhibits seedling extension and root development. It can be seen that the application of qualified fertilizers to crops can not produce good fertilizer effect, not only depends on the quality of the fertilizer itself, but also on the appropriateness of the application method. The application method includes three major factors: application period, application amount and fertilizer application position. How to grasp fertilizer technology? Pay attention to the following points:

1. When basal fertilizer is applied to field crops such as corn and cotton, the amount is relatively large, generally in the range of 30 to 40 kg/mu, plus basal fertilizer is a compound fertilizer containing more phosphorus and potassium, so the application method must pay attention to the application of The depth of 15 to 20 cm in the soil not only ensures the safety of the seedlings, but also ensures the supply of nutrients in the later period.

2. The nitrogen in the compound fertilizer is active, and most of the high-nitrogen and high-concentration compound fertilizers are urea-based nitrogen, which are both water-soluble and quick-acting. If concentrated fertilization is too shallow or too much, it will not only cause seedlings to burn seedlings, but also cause a risk of nitrogen loss. Therefore, the key technology for the application of nitrogen fertilizer as a base fertilizer is: First, it is necessary to deepen it, and second, it must be appropriate. Based on this mechanism, nitrogen fertilizer should be used as base fertilizer and topdressing in two applications. For high nitrogen compound fertilizers, in addition to the spring maize in the northeastern chernozem region, it is not suitable for one-time application in North China, especially in high temperature and rainy regions in the south. The base and top dressing should be applied separately. This will not only have high nutrient utilization, but also enable safe production.

3. Phosphate fertilizer in the soil is not lively, fertilizer application should be divided into upper and lower two layers of application, seed fertilizer should be applied shallowly, and basal fertilizer should be applied more deeply.

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