Asian corn borer

The scientific name is Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee) Lepidoptera, Gnatidae. Mainly in Asia. In addition to seeing reports at the end of the corn zone in the Tibetan Plateau, China has widely distributed corn planting areas throughout the country.

Host corn, sorghum, millet, cotton, and marijuana can also harm more than 20 kinds of plants such as wheat, barley, potatoes, beans, sunflowers, sugarcane, beets, eggplant, and tomatoes.

Injury characteristic The leaf larvae of corn are fed with leaf meat or foraging unexplored heart leaves, resulting in "flower mosaics". After heading, the stems are drilled to cause the development of the ear to be blocked and the yield is reduced. The boring holes are easily broken. At the heading stage, the ear and tender grains were grazing, resulting in defective grain quality and quality. Reduce production by 10% -30%.

Morphological characteristics Adult body length 10-13mm, wings 24-35mm, brown moth. The female moth has bright yellow wings. The fin bases 2/3 have brown stripes and a brown corrugation, yellow jagged lines on the outside, yellow serrated spots outward, and yellowish brown spots on the outside. The male moth is slightly smaller and its wings are slightly darker; the head, chest, and front wings are tan, and the back of the chest is light yellow-brown; the horizontal lines of the forewings are dark brown, corrugated, the inside is tan, and the base is brown; the outer horizontal lines are dark brown and jagged. Outer brownish brown, outward brown belt parallel to outer edge; brown between inner horizontal line and outer horizontal line; brown inner side of marginal hair, lateral white; hind wings pale brown, central has a light-colored broadband, near outer edge Yellow-brown band, semi-brown inside margin hair, half white outside. The eggs are about 1mm long, flat oval, arranged in squama into egg masses, first milky white, translucent, after the turn yellow, table with reticulate, shiny. Larvae body length of about 25mm, dark brown head and pronotum back, body back light grayish brown, light red or yellow, etc., 1st to 8th abdominal section has two columns of hair tumors, the front row of 4 to the middle 2 Large, round, rear two. The dragonfly is 14-15mm long, yellow-brown to reddish-brown, and the 1-7 abdominal mask has two rows of bristles. The hip spine is prominent, dark brown.

Life habits occur one to six generations a year, with the last mature larvae wintering in the crop or wild plant stems or cobs. In late spring, stalks are stalked. After emergence, the adult is hidden between the crops and weeds during the day, flies in the evening, is strong in flight, has phototaxis, mates at night, lays eggs one to two days after mating, and the female moth prefers to lay eggs on the stamens. On both sides of the midrib of the leaf blade, a few occur on the stem. On average, about 400 eggs are produced per female, ranging from 20-50 eggs per egg. After hatching, the larvae first clustered on the horn of the corn leaf or on the young leaves. The damaged leaves showed rows of small holes when they grew up. When males pollinate corn, the larvae injure male flowers and ears and invade from the stems of the leaves, causing wind-breaking, early-blow-up, lack of grains, and loss of skin. In the leguminous plants, they often invade from the branches of the tender stems, causing the upper part to die, and the mouthwash often has a large amount of dung. The mature larvae phlegm at the near orifice of the tunnel. In Guangdong, the egg period is 3-4 days, the larval period is 20-31 days, and the flood period is 8-10 days.

Prevention methods (1) Forecasting. (2) Agricultural control The comprehensive coordination of multi-factors in the entire farmland ecosystem is carried out. That is, regulation of crops, pests, and environmental factors. Specific methods for agricultural control include: 1 Selection of insect-resistant varieties. 2 Handle the overwintering host and drive down the insect source base. That is to say, the stalks of the main overwintering host crops have been processed before the wintering season. Such as manure, for feed, fuel, etc., can eliminate the source of insects, reduce the generation of aphids damage. 8 Adapt farming practices to local conditions. In the third generation of summer maize, the sowing area of ​​spring sowing maize, sorghum and millet will be reduced as much as possible, which will effectively reduce the damage of summer corn. 4 Set up early sowing and trapping fields or traps. The use of corn borer adults likes to choose the fertility habits of tall and dense corn fields, purposefully and plannedly planting early sowing corn or millet, attracting corn borer adults to lay eggs, and then centralized prevention and control can get twice the result with half the effort. 6 Combine farming operations to reduce corn borer damage. The cotton fields on the banks of the Yellow and Huaihe Rivers are intercropped with wheat and cotton. One generation of corn borers is mostly damaged by wheat. Therefore, after the wheat is harvested, the wheat is transported out of the field, which can reduce the damage of the cotton plants in the cotton field. 8 In areas with serious corn borer damage, during corn tasseling, corn borers are mostly concentrated on tassels that have not yet been extracted. At this time, 2/3 of the tassels are removed by hand and brought out of the field and burned or buried deeply. It can eliminate 70% of larvae. (3) Physical control Promotes the use of pests to kill pests through the behavioral and physiological responses of various physical factors in environmental conditions. Large areas to promote light trapping, radiation infertility, etc., easy and effective. 1 Install 200W or 400W high-pressure mercury lamps, each lamp effectively control area 200-300667 (m2). 2 Set insect traps, build a 1.2m diameter, 0.12m high pool, and leave a small hole under the pool to trap and kill adult insects. (4) There are two main types of biological control: one is the comprehensive use of various methods to protect natural enemies; the other is the artificial breeding of natural enemies. Commonly used species are Trichogramma, aphids, long-distance bees, corn borers, microsporidia, and Beauveria bassiana. 1 Release Trichogramma. The timing of the bees was determined according to the forecast and prediction of the occurrence period of the corn borer, and the bees were placed in the spawning period of the corn borer. The amount and frequency of bees were determined based on the amount of eggs. In general, 1 to 20,000 heads per 667m2 are released and released twice. Before laying the bee, check the development progress of the bee. In the later stage of the bee sting, release the individual bee. After the bee card is hung in the field, see a large number of bees. In the rainy season, the bee should be taken to clear the bee, so that a large area can be contiguous. Putting bees will improve the control effect. Jilin Gongzhuling adopts this technology and has recovered economic losses of 260 million yuan in the past 8 years. 2 release locust long distance bees. In the area around Shanxi, 700 were released with 667m2, and the parasitic rate was 98%. The control effect was obvious. 2 Use of Beauveria bassiana to cure warts. Beauveria bassiana can parasitize corn borer larvae and cockroaches. Before the overwintering larvae in the early spring began to resuscitate, the remaining stalks were evacuated one-on-one with Beauveria bassiana. The method is to use 100g of spore powder per 100g of spores per gram, spray one point, insert the powder spray tube into the bowl, and shake the handle. Can also be used per gram content of 8-100 million spores of Beauveria bassiana powder plus talcum powder or ash by 1:5 to mix thoroughly, every 667m2 1-2kg with a motorized duster or hand powder duster, anti-effective 80 %—90%. 4 with B. t granules cure warts. Also known as Bacillus thuringiensis granules. In the heart of the leaves before the corn leaves into the heart, with 700g per 667m2, control effectiveness of up to 90%. It is inappropriate to apply pesticides when sunlight is too strong at the noon of production, and silkworm poisoning should be prevented in the sericulture areas. (5) Corn borer sex pheromone prevents generation of corn borer. When the overwintering rate of corn borer is 50%, the emergence rate is 10% from left to right. Until the end of the current period of adulthood, 1 pot is placed per 667m2 in the growing wheat or vegetable field. A wire frame, covered with a plastic film, can be erected with 3 wooden poles or bamboo rafts, so that the basin is 10-20 cm higher than the crop, the sex lure is hung in the middle of the basin, and water is added to the basin at 2/3 to add washing powder. A small amount. (6) Chemical control is an important emergency measure in the event of a major outbreak, destroying it before causing damage. 1 In corn leaf stage, first- and second-generation newly-incubated larvae were administered with granules when feeding in the heart and leaves of spring and summer corn, respectively. At present, there are 1% of 1605 coal ash granules, 1% phoxim granules, 3% of Guangmidan granules, and the amount is 1-2kg per 667m2. Use 5 times fine soil or fine river sand to mix and withdraw. Bell mouth. Can also choose to use 0.1% or 0.15% kungfu granules, mixing 10-15 times the cinder particles, each strain 1.5g, excellent control effect. In addition, 50% octopyramide or 50% 1605 emulsifiable concentrate can be used as a 1:100 poisonous soil, 2g withdrawal per plant, the effect is very good, but the residual period is shorter than granules. In the case of corn tassels damaged by Tassels during the tassel hiccup stage, they can be sprayed with 40% quick-eliminate diclofenac 4000 times solution or 2.5% enemy-killed emulsifiable concentrate 4000 times solution, and these solutions can also be used for irrigation. In the field between wheat and corn, 50% phoxim EC can be used, 60ml water 25-35L or 40% water-containing phosphorochlorid emulsifiable concentrate 40-60ml, 25-35l water spray, main corn mash, and corn stubble, leaf Pelicans, armyworms, etc. 2At the ear stage of corn, the emergence period of corn borer in the first generation and part of the second generation area was postponed to the panicle stage, or serious in the spring maize stage in the second generation area and the summer corn in the third generation area. During the prosperous period, the granules are sprayed on the leaves of the female stalks, or on the leaves of the upper leaves and the next leaves, and on the top of the spikes to protect the ears. The dosage of the granules is increased by a little more than that during the leaf stage. 2 When corn borer occurs in Gaotian, the control method refers to the corn field, but sorghum is very sensitive to trichlorfon and dichlorvos, and it is prone to phytotoxicity and should not be used. 4 When corn borer occurs in the grain field, the larvae must be sprayed on the lower part of the plant in time and the control should be performed once the larvae have accumulated in the roots of the millet roots. More than 85%, the rate of affected plants can be reduced to 2% -3%. After 7 days, the stems were picked up and sprayed and sprayed to prevent their effects. @ Cotton fields prevent corn borer. In the hatching period of eggs, spray 90% crystal trichlorfon 1200 times or 50% monocrotophos EC 1500 times, 50% 1605 EC 1800 times, and 50% phoxim EC 1500 times to control it. Before drilling cotton or cotton bolls. The intercropping field between wheat and cotton shall be combined with the prevention and treatment of aphids before and after the wheat harvest. The wheat shall be harvested and then prevented once again to prevent the transfer of corn stubble from the wheat field to the cotton.

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