Low-altitude Mountain Watermelon Intercropping Cauliflower Beans High Yield and Efficient
Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province is located in the low-altitude mountainous area in the south of the Yangtze River, at an elevation of 350-500m, and has a large amount of cultivated land. In order to increase the yield per unit area, the author started experimenting with watermelons and interplanting with stringed beans in 2000 and achieved success. In 2001, 265 hectares was promoted, and in 2002 it reached 852 hectares, with an average of 2,931 kg of watermelon per 667 square meters, an output value of 2,814 yuan, and 1,529 kg of rapeseed bean production, with an output value of 2,753 yuan. The total output value of 5,670 yuan per 667 square meters is the output value of double rice crops. 7.4 times, an increase of 97.8% over the production value of only one watermelon. 1, the use of a reasonable interplanting model Zhejiang market spring 300m below the spring of the suburbs of the general watermelon in mid-July, pull, from the end of July to early August the supply of watermelon decreased to more than 600m in mid-late August high altitude watermelon only a large number Since it was listed, there was a market vacancy for watermelons from late July to early August. Cultivated beans are extremely sensitive to temperature, and are more likely to produce incomplete flowers when they are above 27°C or below 15°C. Since the night temperatures in high altitude areas above 600m after mid-September are low, the overwhelming temperature of the creeping beans is seriously degraded, and the quality is drastically reduced. Also reduce; and 300m below the plains of the suburbs, the temperature is still high in late September, the cultivation of vine beans will encounter high-temperature physical and physiologic obstacles of falling flowers and soybean meal, autumn vine beans can only be listed before and after October 1. Therefore, using the middle-level climate characteristics of low-altitude mountainous areas, choosing the appropriate time to sow the spring-delayed watermelon and the early-maturing pod beans in autumn can fill the market gap between the late July and early August watermelons and the mid-to-late-to-late mid-to-late harvest beans, with good quality. The price is high. Through experiments, the use of interplanting methods and close arrangements for harvesting can achieve double harvests. 2. Intercropping method One day before the watermelon colonization, the soil was used to make hoe, 240-250cm in width, 30cm in width, and sorghum deep groove to prevent waterlogging. Watermelon was planted in mid- and late April. The seedlings were soaked with nutrient-resistant membranes to protect the seedlings from rain. They were transplanted to Daejeon in mid-to-late May. The plant spacing was 40-50 cm, and 1 row for each row. The watermelon seedlings were planted at 300-400 plants per 667 square meters. Before planting, dig 2 furrows at 1/4 and 3/4 of the width of each ridge. Deeply apply basal fertilizer. Watermelon seedlings are planted at a distance of 60-70 cm from the planter line. After planting, the mulch film covering 50-70 cm wide will be covered. seedling. Cultivated beans are sown on July 15-25. At this moment, the first large melons of watermelon are generally harvested. The melon vine gradually declines. Each row of live vines has 4 rows of rows, the spacing is 40cm, row spacing is 80cm, and the width is 30cm. Shallow ditch, sowing the watermelon leaves around the sowing hole when sowing, covering the fine soil after sowing and covering a small amount of watermelon leaves, in order to facilitate cooling and moisturizing, and promote germination and emergence. 3. Variety selection Watermelon chooses medium growth period, strong resistance, high yield, sweet taste, high yield, and transport resistance of 87-14. The vine bean is full of red, creeping, heat-resistance, disease-resistance, bean pods 16-18cm long, flat round, light green Chuanhong 1 and so on. 4, fertilization watermelon base fertilizer applied one time, per 667 square meters of cooked manure 2000-2500kg, with superphosphate 25kg, potassium sulfate 15kg, urea 10kg, or with ternary compound fertilizer 30kg. The manure fertilizer is applied by trenches, and other fertilizers are applied in combination with the whole site. After planting melons, 15kg of compound fertilizer is applied per 667m2, or 10kg of urea, 10kg of superphosphate, and 10kg of potassium sulfate, which are applied in 2 separate batches. The interval is 7 days (days). Overgrown cabbage beans are planted with 15 kg of Sanyuan compound fertilizer per 667 square meters when the hole is planted, and calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer is used as a seed fertilizer, applying 15-20 kg per 667 square meters. After flowering and scabbing, the topdressing manure was applied 2-3 times, each time 667 square meters Shiyuan compound fertilizer 10-15kg, each time interval 7d (days). In order to prevent early high-temperature falling flowers and promote scarring, in the flowering and fruiting stage, spurt light bio-nutrient solution (produced by Shuguang Chemical Fertilizer Plant of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province) 2-3 times, spraying 15kg of water every 20mL. 5, field management watermelon using double vine pruning, spread vines in front of the fern grass or wheat stalks, in order to prevent watermelon from direct contact with mud caused by rot. When the main vine grows 1.3-1.6m, the result of leaving the second female flower is reserved, leaving 2 melons per plant. It is generally harvested from late July to early August. Immediately after harvesting, the roots of watermelons are pulled up and allowed to die. After the emergence of creeping beans, the shade of watermelon leaf should be removed in time. When the creeping bean grows to 30-40 cm in time, take the “person†frame, and in order, every 2 rows of beans will be used as 1 pod, and each pod of watermelon will be divided into two pods of green beans. 6, pest control watermelon pests mainly wilt, anthrax, aphids, etc., aphids can be used 40% dimethoate 1000-1500 times or 10% imidacloprid 2500-5000 times spray. Fusarium wilt can be irrigated with 50% dexamethasone 500-1000 times solution or 40% melon bacillus 1000 times solution at the initial stage of disease, and irrigation once every 7-10 days (days). . Anthracnose is sprayed with 10% double effect Lingshui agent and 60% zein zinc wettable powder each 500 times, which can cure blight and leaf blight. Overgrown bean bean pests and diseases mainly include rust, anthracnose, soybean meal, Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua. Soybean meal can be sprayed with 2.5% vegetable Xizhi 1000 times liquid or 5% Ruijinite 1500-3000 times liquid before flowering, Spodoptera litura. , Spodoptera exigua can use 5% stuck die 800-1250 times spray, rust can be used 20% triadimefon EC 1500-2000 times spray, anthrax can be used 70% thiophanate 1000-3000 times or 64% antivirus矾 M8 WP 5000 times spray. China Agricultural Network Editor