Method for managing grape seedlings in summer and autumn
Every year, there are fruit growers who can not grow strong grape seedlings and virus-free grape seedlings. The reason is that they have insufficient experience or are relaxed in management. The quality of grape seedlings depends on the management of summer and autumn. The methods are: 1) Management of vines. 1 wipe the tip. The young shoots of cutting grape seedlings grow to 40--50cm in mid-July. Some seedlings have several shoots or several shoots of new shoots. They must be cleaned in time to obtain a robust new shoot. 2 Topping. When the grape seedling shoots grow to about 60cm, it will be picked up. The auxiliary shoots that occurred after the picking up, except for leaving the top one, were all erased. When the tip of the tip of the tip grows to 6 leaves, leave 3 leaves topping. All the tips on the tip were erased. 3 tied. The shoots on high-grade grape seedlings can be placed at 1-1.5 m long, but they must be tied. You can insert 1 bamboo raft every 3 - 4m between two rows of seedlings and pull 2- or 3-wire thin wire or nylon rope. Two bamboo poles each pull a line, and all the two rows of seedlings are tied to the wire or nylon rope between bamboo poles. If the seedlings are relatively thin, one bamboo shoot may be tied to each seedling shoot. 2) Soil fertilizer and water management. When the seedlings grow to 8 leaves, 667 square meters of 15–20 kg of urea are applied, and 15 days (days) after the application of 1 time, generally 3 times. The top-dressing fertilizer was divided into 2 times: 0.5% urea sprayed in summer and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate sprayed in autumn. Before the grape cuttings sprout, they are usually poured once every 7 days. After the new shoot grows to 10--20cm, water is poured every 15 days. After 30--40cm of new shoots, water is poured every 20 days. Good sensation is not poured. If the seedlings are not in the nursery before the winter, they must be poured with overwintering water. Every time you topdress, you should water it. There are many plastic mulches in the nursery gardens. Generally, no cultivators are needed to remove the weeds. After each watering, weeds and weeds on both sides should be removed. 3) Pest control. The main control diseases are downy mildew and black pox, and the insect pests are cotton bollworm, beet armyworm and grape moth. When the seedlings grow to 8 leaves, spray 5 times 50% carbendazim 500 times, after 15d spray 80% spray 600-800 times. After topping the seedlings, spray 200 times Bordeaux mixture. If downy mildew is found, spray 1 time 78% Kebo 600 times, or 80% ethane phosphine 300 - 500 times, in autumn with 180 times Bordeaux mixture. 4) Variety mark. When the new shoot grows 7-8 leaves, the hybrid seedlings can be recognized and the roots can be pulled out. Different grape varieties should be marked with bamboo and inserted in different varieties. 5) Timely exit. After the grape seedlings fall out of the plant, they should not leave the nursery immediately. During this period, the nutrition is being stored in the roots. In the "small snow" before and after the exit is more appropriate.