How to improve the grafting survival rate of flowers and plants
The grafting of flowers and trees can not only maintain the excellent characteristics of the female parent, but also make up for the defects of certain parts of the flowers and trees and meet the modeling needs. It can also greatly shorten the production time of the bonsai and is widely adopted by the family. The technology of improving the grafting survival rate of flowers and trees is summarized as follows: 1. The grafting season of the selective grafting season varies depending on the scion used for grafting. Branches are mostly carried out in the spring, and it is generally best when rootstock sap begins to flow; buds can be grown during the entire growing season of the flowers and trees, and it is best to peel the rootstock easily. Second, the selection and treatment of rootstock and cuttings Selection of tree species with strong affinity for rootstock rootstocks has a stronger affinity, which is the premise and basis of graft survival. Affinity is not strong, and the ability to produce healing tissue between rootstocks and scion is weak, new delivery tissues are difficult to form, water and nutrient delivery are not in place, and grafting is easy to fail. Therefore, in the production of the general selection of the grafting of the present, in addition, also select other tree species with strong affinity as the rootstock, such as the selected black pine as the rootstock of the pine needles, select the rootstock of the plum and plum as the plum, choose the water wax , privet osmanthus rootstock and so on. If no other requirements are required, the youngest rootstock is best. Because in this period, its vigor and growth are strong and it is easy to form a healing organization. The selection and treatment of cuttings is best to select strong, strong growth shoots as cuttings on young trees with vigorous growth and no pests. For budding joints, use the buds of new shoots of the year that were used, and pick them up. Buds can also be harvested from the buds of annual branches collected during the dormant period, but this type of xylem-bearing shoots must be kept fresh under conditions of low humidity. For branching, fully lignified or semi-woody branches are used for scioning, followed by picking. Third, strictly in accordance with the requirements of grafting operation in the grafting process to be "fast, flat, accurate, tight." "Fast" means that the grafting knife must be sharp, the grafting action should be agile, and the drying time of the cutting noodles and the rootstock interface should be shortened as much as possible; "ping" means that the splice noodles and the rootstock interface should be smooth and have no protrusions and depressions, so that the two can be closely combined; "The aim is to align the scion between the scion and the rootstock when inserting the scion. This is the key to the whole process of grafting. The formation of layers is not aligned and will never survive." Tight" is the dressing of both scion and rootstock. To be tight, there must be no loose phenomenon. Only when it is tight can we form a healing organization. Fourth, to create conditions to promote the survival of grafting weather is the best without windy sunny days. For species with injurious flow (such as plum and peach), they should be grafted at a time when there is little injury, or they should be treated by cutting the xylem to drain water at the base of the rootstock. For tree species secreting lipids (such as black pine) to avoid the strong secretion of resin, grafting is performed during the slow period of resin secretion. When cutting the head, wipe the turpentine on the cutter with alcohol and soak the base of the scion with warm water at 40°C. So as not to secrete the resin to cover the mouth, it is difficult to form a layer of docking. For tree species requiring high temperature and humidity, grafting in greenhouses is used. Fifth, after the management should carefully protect the interface can be bagging, shade, wax, wrapped with plastic strips and other measures to deal with, prevent the interface and scion water loss, affect the healing survival. When the anvil is picked in early spring, the anvil can be stimulated when grafting or after grafting to survive. Buds picked up in the summer and autumn, the Qin Chun anvil, is conducive to winter. A branch of the graft, such as the use of splicing, cutting, plugging, then cut off the anvil during grafting; such as the use of abdominal grafting, skin grafted abdominal connection, then can not cut the anvil, grafted survived and then cut. After loosening and grafting to survive for a period of time, it is necessary to loosen the plastic band for strapping so as not to hinder the growth of the scion, but to loosen and discard, in order to prevent the wind from blowing or people and livestock from crashing. The bundles were released after the buds and stocks were completely healed. In addition to the survival of the grafting, the sprouts on the rootstock were all removed to promote new shoot growth. If grafting is not successful, it must be patched in time.