In recent years, with the development of the modern swine industry, farmers have added trace elements, somatotropins, vitamins, chemical drugs, and antibiotics to feeds, which have achieved certain results in promoting pig growth and preventing disease. However, With the long-term use of these substances, the problem of drug residue in livestock products has been caused, which in turn threatens people's health. Because Chinese herbal medicine has the advantages of no residue and no toxic or side effects, Chinese herbal medicine has recently appeared in many places in China to raise pigs. It has achieved certain results in the prevention and treatment of diseases in pigs. Chinese herbal medicine pig raising has been increasingly concerned by most farmers. .

First, the characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine Chinese herbal medicine mostly natural plants as raw materials, is a simple natural material for pigs to absorb, with rich resources, variety, good effect, low price, a wide range of effects, safe and low toxicity, almost no residue, no drug resistance It does not pollute the environment, but also has the dual effects of nutrition and medicinal properties.

Second, Chinese herbal medicine pigs have unique advantages in development compared with traditional pigs. The Chinese herbal medicine contains a variety of nutrients and active substances, which can promote digestion and absorption and improve feed utilization and production performance. It is a natural plant or animal or mineral, rich in vitamins, trace elements, proteins and unknown active factors, polysaccharides, alkaloids, organic acids, and glycosides. Such as jujube jujube meat, Astragalus and other substances DnA. The activity of digestive enzymes in feeds is increased, which speeds up digestion and absorption. At the same time, it can improve the proportions of its nutrient components and structure. It can supplement the deficiency of some nutrient components in feed and make it more fully absorbed. It is beneficial to the metabolism of pigs and promotes It grows to improve feed utilization and animal production performance. Jianwei San in traditional Chinese medicine preparations has the effect of strengthening the spleen and appetizing, promoting digestion, and promoting digestion and absorption. It is mainly used to increase growth rate and reduce feed consumption. For example, there are 18 kinds of amino acids in stems and leaves of Codonopsis pilosula. Among them, 10 are essential amino acids for animal physiological functions; they contain 12 kinds of mineral trace elements, among which 4 constant elements of potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium are all necessary for the body. Both contain starch and trace alkaloids. Astragalus contains sugars and various amino acids, proteins, choline, folic acid, vitamin 8, amylase, trace elements. Both of these nutrients and biological active substances can balance and improve the 13 grains and improve feed utilization.

In addition, some of the trace elements in Chinese herbal medicine are closely related to the synthesis of hormones involved in growth and development, such as auxin, adrenal cortex hormones, etc. They regulate the metabolic activity of cells through the use of messenger substances and promote growth and development. Some Chinese herbal medicines can increase the appetite of pigs, increase feed intake, increase digestion and absorption, promote growth and development, and improve feed remuneration. In Chinese herbal medicine, Divine Comedy, malt, hawthorn, tangerine peel, oyster shell, etc., have a certain fragrance, can improve feed palatability, promote the secretion of domestic saliva, gastric juice and intestinal fluid, and promote the body's absorption of nutrients; Polygalaceae, pine needle powder, Suanzaoren , Schisandra raises the mind and calms the nerves so that the pig sleeps at the finishing stage to make it grow long enough to increase feed utilization. In the 20 to 30 kg, 30 to 70 kg, 70 to 110 kg, and full-course (20 to 10 kg) diet test pigs, daily gains increased by 9.28% and 1 respectively. 70%, 13.69% and 7.44%, respectively, feed weight ratio decreased by 4.44%, 9.77%, ll. 63% and l3.69%. Tests have shown that adding Chinese herbal medicines to the feed can significantly improve the growth performance and feed utilization of growing pigs.

Second, it can directly inhibit bacteria, sterilize, regulate the body's immune function, and enhance the body's resistance to diseases and immunity. Modern medical research results show that many Chinese herbal medicines contain substances that are antibacterial, bacteriostatic, and bactericidal, they are immune active substances, and they increase enzyme activity. Substances, organic acids, and substances that detoxify and promote the excretion of toxins, can stimulate animal growth, improve animal immunity and disease resistance, maintain the normal balance of the animal's internal environment, and ensure the healthy development of animals.

This is because many Chinese herbal medicines contain polysaccharides, organic acids, alkaloids, terpenes, and volatile oils. These substances stimulate endocrine secretion in animal bodies, enhance immune function, resist viruses and bacteria, and eliminate harmful parasites in the body. Insects have nonspecific immunity and specific immune promotion. If you take jaundice, you can significantly increase blood levels of 07IgE and Igl; Shouwu, Acanthopanax and Codonopsis can increase the number of leukocytes and strengthen phagocytosis; Sijunzi Decoction and Liuwei Dihuang Pill can promote humoral immunity and cellular immunity; Radix isatidis and chrysanthemum The ability to resist viruses; bitter buckskin, Pulsatilla chinensis, etc. can kill insects and enhance immunity; honeysuckle, Banlangen, Scutellaria baicalensis, Artemisia annua, etc., a lot of heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese herbs, strong antibacterial and antiviral effect, but also can increase the body's resistance to disease There is basically no drug resistance and toxic side effects, and no residue.

At the same time, most Chinese herbal medicines contain amino acids, proteins, fats, starches, trace elements, etc., which can significantly improve the body's non-specific immunity, humoral immunity, cellular immunity and other functions, but also can induce interferon to improve the resistance to diseases. Through testing techniques, it has been proved that Chinese herbal medicines such as Polygonum multiflorum, Radix Astragali, Chinese yam, Chinese angelica, Eucommia, Epimedium, Schisandra, Radix Glycyrrhizae, and Atractylodes macrocephala can increase the immune antibody level of swine fever and prolong the duration of antibody retention. According to another report, Chinese herbal compound consisting of Dangshen, Radix Astragali, Chinese Wolfberry, Atractylodes, Acanthopanax, Liquorice, Bupleurum, Coptis, Radix Scutellariae, Honeysuckle, and Dandelion, etc., has been confirmed by clinical trials to promote the transformation of lymphocytes and enhance cellular immunity. The function can quickly increase the body fluid and cellular immunity of the herd.

The third is to increase the lean body mass of pigs and reduce ketone body fat. Improve the quality of ketone bodies and meat quality Li Qihua et al measured the effect of Chinese herbal medicine additives on the digestibility of feed nutrients. Compared with the control group, the crude protein digestibility of the Zhongcao group was 20-30 kg, 30-70 kg, and 70-110 kg. With some improvement, the digestibility of crude fat and crude fiber has a significant or extremely significant increase. Experiments have shown that Chinese herbal medicine can increase the lean meat percentage of pig carcasses, reduce carcass fat, and improve carcass quality and meat quality. Tian Yunbo et al. (2003) added natural plant herbal extracts to promote growth and fattening pigs, with a 5.79% increase in carcass lean percentage, a decrease in fat rate of 31.41%, a decrease in suet weight (abdominal fat) of 22.16%, and an increase in ocular muscle area. In 10.92%, the average backfat thickness decreased by 28.21%; the water loss rate decreased by 5.03%, the storage loss decreased by 20.35%, the cooked meat rate increased by 4.74%, and the intermuscular fat content increased by 52.77%. The results of the taste evaluation of the muscles showed that the tenderness, taste, juicyness, and scent increased, with the characteristics of tender meat, fragrant meat, and fresh soup. Dai Guorong and others studied the effects of different preparations of Chinese herbal medicine additive on the carcass characteristics and pork quality. Three different preparations of traditional Chinese medicine powders, water extracts and alcohols were added to the same kind of feed. The results showed that: Chinese herbal medicine additives can be reduced. Pork belly body thickness, increase the area of ​​eye muscles, improve the lean meat percentage, there is a certain improvement in meat quality and flavor. Hui Xiaohong et al. (2006) showed that the use of Chinese herbal extract “Lv Yikang” to feed finishing pigs can significantly increase glycogen and fat content in pig muscles, reduce the diameter of pig muscle fibers, and enhance the flavor of pork. Juice and tenderness. It has a positive effect on the eating quality and shelf life of pork. Slaughter test showed that pigs with Chinese herbal medicine additives had higher slaughter rate and lean meat than those of the control group. The thickness and water loss rate of the test pigs decreased, indicating that there was no difference between the meat quality and the control group; There was no abnormal change in the kidney and other tissues, indicating that the Chinese herbal medicine additive products are safe and have no toxic side effects. Through research, it has also been found that the addition of eucommia ulmoides extract to the growth and finishing pig diet can improve the growth performance, carcass quality and pork quality to a certain extent, reduce drip loss and carcass thickness, and increase total muscle amino acid content and flavor amino acids. content.

The above series of studies show that the use of Chinese herbal medicine for pigs can improve the quality of the ketones and meat quality of pigs, and satisfy the people's demand for green food and safe pork.

The fourth is to improve the reproductive performance of the pigs, and improve the XY and breeding ability of Chinese herbal medicine pigs can improve the reproductive performance of sows, improve the XY and breeding ability of boars, because some Chinese herbs can induce sows estrus, increase milk production, increase litter size. For example, pine needle powder can promote sow growth and development, improve fertilization, birth rate. Tests have shown that the use of Chinese herbal medicine "promoting casual" plus chlorine prostaglandin treatment of ecstatic sows, the estrus rate was 97.62%, 46.6% after the match is not returned to the situation of 97.56%. The average number of litters was 9.93 and the number of live births was 9.09. Cai Weiqiang (2005) used Chinese herbal medicine and gonadotropin to test the aphrodisiac of sows postpartum. The results showed that the estrus rate of Chinese herbal medicine treatment was 93.75% and the average number of litters was 9.12. The estrus rate of hormone treatment was 95.00%. Litter size 8. Ol head. Another experiment showed that the use of Codonopsis pilosula, Chinese angelica root, Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Vaccaria, Atractylodes, Motherwort and other Chinese herbal medicines as feed additives, and feeding sows at a dose of 1% can significantly increase milk production and improve milk composition.

Second, some Chinese herbal medicines are closely related to the synthesis and secretion of boar hormones, which can improve reproductive performance of boars and improve boar XY and breeding ability. Such as epimedium and other Chinese herbal medicine to promote gonad development, female animals can make the uterus grow, ovarian weight gain, increased egg count; so that male animals sperm activity, sperm density and ejaculation volume increased. 8 Chinese boars were fed daily with 129 Chinese herbal additives consisting of Rehmannia, Epimedium, Cuscuta, and Scrophulariaceae. The results showed that the semen volume, sperm density and sperm motility were significantly better in the 10 days to 30 days after feeding the Chinese herbal medicine additive than in the control group, demonstrating that the Chinese herbal medicine additive can effectively improve the semen quality of the boar. Zhu Xiaoping et al. (2004) designed and developed a new 4% premixed boar dedicated to breeding boars with vigorous energy (including multivitamins, trace elements, Chinese medicine health care agents, etc.), which increased the amount of sperm extraction by 5.50%. The increase in sperm density by 2.55% had no effect on sperm motility and the effective sperm count increased by 6.72%. The amount of semen, sperm density, and sperm survival rate were significantly different from the control group within 10 days, l8 days, l9 days, and 30 days after adding the Chinese herbal compound feed additive to the basal diet of the boar, and the acrosome abnormality rate and sperm malformation rate were poor. After 10 days of herbal supplements, sperm volume, sperm density, sperm viability, and acrosome abnormality were significantly different.

5. Other effects Some Chinese herbal medicines can improve the body's defense ability and regulate the stress relief effect. There are also some Chinese herbal medicines that can promote the body's use of vitamins and activate vitamin receptors. In addition, Chinese herbal medicine feed additives also have hormone-like effects.

III. Problems in the cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines Currently, in some areas of Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, due to the differences in the origin of Chinese herbal medicines, soil and climate are mixed, resulting in different levels of pharmaceutical ingredients, affecting their effects, coupled with unclear action mechanisms, single dosage forms, and lack of toxicity. There is no unified quality standards and formulation standards for the study of safety management. It is difficult to make accurate evaluation of the efficacy and quality control of Chinese herbal medicine and its products, which will affect the healthy development of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives.

Although there are certain problems in the use of Chinese herbal medicine for raising pigs, it should not be overlooked that the breeding method has a broad application prospect in the pig industry. Once the issue of serialization, stability, and dosage of pigs raised in traditional Chinese herbal medicine is solved, people will be able to With the increasing demand for food and green safe pork, Chinese herbal medicine will play an important role in raising the efficiency and quality of pig production and open up new avenues for the development of meat products.