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Double low rape cultivation new technology
At present, in the rapeseed cultivation season, the reporter learned from the Grain and Oil Department of the Provincial Department of Agriculture that the province is vigorously promoting the use of double-low rapeseed. How can this kind of rape be planted? In terms of scale cultivation, double-low rape varieties with excellent comprehensive traits such as yield, ripening period, and resistance can be introduced and promoted according to local conditions. There are 1 to 2 headings in a county, 1 township and 1 breed, and they are uniformly planted and concentrated. Planting at a regional scale, it is not allowed to grow high-sorghum and high-sulfur rape in the area of ​​planting high quality rapeseed. China's current large-area rapeseed production is still a conventional rapeseed variety, and its erucic acid and glucosinolate content are very high. If the flower arrangement is planted, it will be difficult to meet the requirements for high-quality goods. Centralized and contiguous planting is conducive to the unified management of production, promoting balanced production and raising the level of cultivation. It is an important measure to guarantee the quality of commercial rapeseed and facilitate the acquisition. Timely early seeding of seedlings for direct seeding should be started at the end of September and end in mid-October. The second is to manage the seedlings. In some places, rape seedlings are seeded, and there are more than 10 seedlings per hole. This causes “miao seedlingsâ€. ,Low Yield. Seedlings transplanting rapeseed sowing time: two ripening areas planted in early September, Sanchau system sowing in mid-September, seedling age 35 to 40 days is more appropriate. In order to nurture strong seedlings, we must first leave seedbeds at a ratio of 1:5 to 6 for seedbeds and fields, and sow 0.4-0.5 kg seeds per acre. Before planting, the seedbed should be applied with enough base fertilizer to make the whole plant fine and flat and enough seeds should be planted. Pre-emergence to protect the main, drought, flood control, defense, and strive to Miao Qi Miao whole. After emergence, in addition to clustered seedlings, three-leaf stage Dingmiao, left 120-130 strains per square meter. When the seedlings are transplanted in the field of 3 leaves or 3 to 5 leaves of the direct seeding field, 100-150 mg/kg of paclobutrazol solution is sprayed in an amount of 50-60 kilograms to prevent tall seedlings and cultivate short-sturdy seedlings. The two cooked areas were planted before October 20, and the three-cooked areas were planted before November 5. Before transplanting, Daejeon must fertilize the soil and plant the water one day before the seedbed to facilitate the raising of seedlings. When transplanting, apply seedlings, timely watering, and promote seedlings to return to green growth. Fertilization and reasonable close planting of double-low rapeseed showed low levels of high-sugar nitrogen and a large demand for phosphorus, potassium, and boron in nutrient metabolism and nutrient requirements. In order to exert the potential for increased yield, it was necessary to use less nitrogen and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Formula fertilization, combined with organic and inorganic fertilizers. General fertilization standards for 100-150 kilograms of fertilization: Mushi nitrogen is 12.5-15 kg, p2o5 is 7.5-10 kg, k2o is 10 kg, and the ratio of triad is 1:0.5:0.7. The method of fertilization was based on the use of base fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied at the end of one time, and nitrogen was applied at the ratio of 50% of the base fertilizer, 30% of the seedling fertilizer, and 20% of the animal manure. The furnishing fertilizer was applied at a height of 3 to 5 cm. B. napus is sensitive to boron and B. napus can be more sensitive to B. When the water-soluble B of soil is less than 0.5 mg/kg, symptoms of boron deficiency occur at different levels, resulting in “flower failure†and serious reduction of yield. In order to ensure high yield of double-low quality rapeseed, apply 1 to 1.5 kg of borax per acre. During the bolting period, when the moss is about 3 cm high, 0.2 kg of borax solution is sprayed 50 kg per mu. If boron is sprayed during the flowering period of rapeseed, it cannot prevent "flowering but not realizing" because boron mainly affects the development of sex organs and flower organs. Production practice shows that high-quality rapeseed varieties are generally ideal for 8000 to 12,000 plants, preferably not less than 8,000, and not more than 15,000, and live rape can be appropriately increased in density. Pests and pests The main pests of rape are: sclerotiorum, downy mildew, powdery mildew, cabbage caterpillars and aphids. Generally, the resistance of double-low rapeseed is worse than that of conventional rapeseed varieties, and the prevention and treatment of sclerotinia should be particularly strengthened. The principle of “prevention-oriented, comprehensive prevention and control†should be adhered to, the crop rotation should be changed, the tributaries should be opened, and the field should be reduced. On the basis of moisture application of chemical control, spraying 40% sclerotium net 1000-1500 times liquid or 3% sclerotinal net powder with early florescence and full flowering period can play a good control effect. In addition, special attention should be paid to improving the drought tolerance of canola. Moisture resistance and other agronomic measures, timely irrigation in case of drought, waterlogging should be promptly discharged, timely removal of diseased leaves, diseased plants. In terms of pest control, improve pest prediction and forecasting system. When the planting rate reaches about 10%, the mu with 2.5% enemy kills 20 ml of 50-60 kilograms of water spray, but also can use omethoate and other pesticides to control aphids. For weeds, weeding and weeding combined with chemical weed control can be prevented by using acetochlor before planting or after planting.