Transgenic plant pollen goes farther

A pollen particle of a transgenic plant can spread its genetically modified gene to a distance of 21 kilometers by carrying wind. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has announced that it will carry out a potential environmental impact survey on the transgenic grass called bentgrass, which will prohibit the sale of such genetically modified plants for golf courses for a year or longer. . The bentgrass is a kind of grass that golf course operators particularly like, because it can grow into a very flat green area, but the breeding of weeds often destroy the formation of the lawn. In response to market demand, a U.S. biotechnology company launched a transgenic bentgrass, which is resistant to mixed pre-emergence herbicides. The chemical name of this herbicide is glyphosate, which is widely use. After genetic modification, creeping bentgrass produces a special enzyme that is resistant to glyphosate. Growers can completely spray glyphosate on the bentgrass, killing the weeds without fear of injury. The bentgrass was originally used only for golf courses and was later naturally grown in many cool climates. Its potential uses are many and can be used as animal feed, and can also be used to clean contaminated soil and water. Lidia Watrud and colleagues at the National Environmental Protection and Environmental Impact Research Laboratory of the US Environmental Protection Agency conducted a follow-up study on the pollen of genetically modified bentgrass. In a few dozen kilometers around the experimental field in central Oregon, scientists collected wild grasses and the seeds of the plants they planted in pots to detect pollen escape. The scientists will incubate these seeds and test whether the newly grown plants are resistant to mixed pre-emergence herbicides. It was found that serious genetic contamination occurred within two kilometers of the radius. This grass seedling with drug resistance can even be found in a radius of 21 kilometers, a total area of ​​310 square kilometers. Experts pointed out that this is the farthest research record of pollen propagation in GM crops so far. The researchers believe that the findings provide strong evidence that it is difficult to stop the cross between the transgenic plants and the surrounding plants to produce new, unpredictable varieties. U.S. Department of Agriculture experts are concerned that this GM crop will spread genetically modified genes to surrounding plants, creating a "super weed" that is difficult to kill, or causing unpredictable consequences for other crops. Meghan Thomas of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture said that the agency has decided to carry out an environmental impact assessment of genetically modified bentgrass stocks. It takes a year or more to complete this process. Thomas said that the company that developed the genetically modified bentgrass has filed a request for deregulation, but they decided to conduct careful research on the data and conduct field tests. Thomas also pointed out that this grass is a perennial plant, and many wild plants including some weeds are its "close relatives." At present, most of the transgenic plants are annual and need to be cultivated every year. In comparison, perennial transgenic plants are more likely to cause problems because they are more prone to breeding and are more difficult to control. Some farmers in Oregon have protested field trials of genetically modified grass in the state because they feared that the trial would affect their crop production. Companies that study GM crops believe that the use of other herbicides can easily control the spread of modified genes on other crops.

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