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Root diseases of fruit trees and their control measures
1. Major root disease of fruit trees 1.1 Round spot root rot. It mainly harms fruit trees such as pome fruits, stone fruits and walnuts. Diseased leaves, clusters, wilting, curling, dehydration and dryness of leaves, reddish-brown halo with main veins spreading, branches dry, cortical necrosis easy to peel; fibrous roots turn brown and dead, the roots of the roots are red-brown round spots, deep into xylem, Roots blackened and died. 1.2 root rot. Harms pears, apples, hawthorn, apricots, etc. Partial or whole plant leaves are small and thin, yellowing off. The new shoots were short and the fruit was small: the roots were immersed in water and blew purple, with white fan-like mycelium between the cortex and xylem, with a mushroom flavor and a fluorescence. 1.3 White rash disease. Sandy lands, soils with heavy soil and poor drainage are easy to occur in orchards. Pome fruits, stone fruits, grapes, oranges and wild jujube all occur. The site of the disease was root and neck, brown spots with watery leaching, long white mycelia, diseased parts and long brown sclerotia in surface cracks. 1.4 White feather disease. Harms a variety of fruit trees. Invasive fine roots first, and then extended to lateral roots, main roots. On the surface of the diseased roots, there is a white or gray-white reticular mycelia or rhizome, which produces round black sclerotia in the decayed xylem. 1.5 physiological rot. Poorly drained viscous grounds, orchards with excessive salt content, high groundwater level, or drought and water shortage are susceptible to disease. Roots long-term water, roots do not grow long hair, cortex rot; the main roots dry and dead, leaves margin charred, yellow. 2. Main prevention and control measures 2.1 Increase organic fertilizer or application of antibiotic fertilizer and cake fertilizer to increase tree vigor. 2.2 Discharge of stagnant water. 2.3 Remove the mycorrhiza, sterilize the roots and replace with sterile new soil. 2.4 Disinfection with pharmaceuticals. 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times; 50% Benzolide 1000--2000 times; 70% pentachloronitrobenzene tree 50--100 grams per plant liquid, big tree per plant liquid 150 - 300 grams, mixed with new soil applied to the roots.