Antibiotic:
A drug used to treat bacterial infections. Antibiotics have no effect on viral
infections. Originally, an antibiotic was a substance produced by one
microorganism that selectively inhibits the growth of another. Synthetic
antibiotics, usually chemically related to natural antibiotics, have since been
produced that accomplish comparable tasks.
Antimicrobial:
A drug used to treat a microbial infection(antibiotic drugs).
"Antimicrobial"
is a general term that refers to a group of drugs that includes antibiotics,
antifungals, antiprotozoals, and antivirals.
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The following is the preparation method of matrix and nutrient solution.
(1) Selection and treatment of the matrix: The matrix is ​​a substance that fixes the plant roots and can create a good supply of nutrients, moisture, and oxygen. The material with good air permeability and strong water retention should be selected as the matrix. At the same time, it contains no toxic substances, and its pH is neutral or slightly acidic. The materials that can be used as matrix include perlite, vermiculite, peat soil, furnace ash, sand, carbonized rice hull, carbonized corn cob, fermented sawdust, bagasse, edible fungus waste, and the like. These matrices can be used alone or in combination.
(2) Preparation of nutrient solution: The formula of nutrient solution is as follows:
Formula 1 Add 1000 kg of water: 2 kg of compound fertilizer (N15:P15:K15), 0.5 kg of potassium sulfate, 0.8 kg of superphosphate, 3 g of manganese sulfate, 1 g of zinc sulfate, 1 g of ammonium borate, and 20 ferrous sulfate Grams. If you use the furnace ash, peat soil and other substrates, you can not add trace elements.
2 Matrix plus organic fertilizer: Extruded chicken manure + 1/200 of the matrix, or 20% or 3% organic manure. The substrate is mixed with the fertilizer and used after being laid flat. Seedling water only can be poured, generally do not pour other fertilizers, in the big seedlings, can be sprayed in the late stage of nursery 0.2% urea + 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 2 times.
3 Soilless methods and management
A. Seed Disinfection: Soaking with germination and ordinary seedlings, seed disinfection requirements are strict, we must ensure that the seeds do not have germs.
B. Seedling tray seedlings: In order to prevent leakage of nutrient solution, a plastic film is laid on the bottom of the seedling tray, and the substrate is placed in a seedling tray, and the seedlings are ready for sowing.
Before sowing, the substrate in the nursery tray is soaked. Place an empty seedling tray with the same number of holes on it. After aligning, press down firmly, approximately 1 cm deep. The seeds were then seeded in holes. After sowing a good cover above about 1 cm of vermiculite, and then covered with plastic film on the nursery tray, maintain humidity, after the emergence of the film in a timely manner to open, to prevent burning seedlings, leggy. Before the first true leaves come out, if there is a lack of water, water can be poured to keep the substrate moist. When the first leaf is really out, when the second leaf is outcropping, when it is watered again, 0.2% urea plus 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added to the nutrient solution. Usually every other time, water, pouring a nutrient solution. Until Miao Zhizhi so far. The 72-well seedling trays do not have to be transplanted.
4Cucumber planting seedlings: Factory seedlings are one of the modern methods for growing vegetables. The nursery program is as follows:
A. Preparation before sowing: It mainly includes seed disinfection, soaking and germination, tools and preparation for disinfection, preparation of matrix and bed soil.
B. Precise sowing: The use of precision seeder, substrate loading, watering, sowing, earth covering and other running operations.
C. Germination: In a germination room. The seedling tray after sowing was placed on a nursery stand, and the germination chamber was sealed. The room temperature was controlled at 25 to 30°C and the air humidity was above 90%. Check the seedling stage in time. If the substrate is dry, spray water. When about 50% of the seedling top soil, it should be sprayed once to make up for the shedding of the seed shell and prevent the seed from “wearing a hat†to unearth. Do not use cold water when spraying, spray with water of about 25°C.
D. Green seedlings: When 60% of the seedlings are unearthed, timely move the seedling trays to the greening room for seedling greening. Greening room heating equipment, general insulation, good lighting of the greenhouse, the microclimate conditions of the greenhouse is also the best automatic control. Green pools are built in the interior, and green bricks are built. They are 50 centimeters high and 100 centimeters wide. The length is determined by the span of the greenhouse. The greening pond is used to store the seedling trays on the iron racks. In the green pond, 10 cm below the nursery tray, a hotline is placed. The power of the hotline is 100 watts/square meter, and a lower shed is placed above the green pool. With good conditions, a three-dimensional rotating device or a ladder-type nursery shelf is installed in the greening pond. This device can increase the number of nursery and increase the utilization rate without affecting the seedling afforestation. In order to reduce costs, geothermal lines can be laid directly on the ground in greenhouses or greenhouses.
E. Separation of seedlings: After 5 to 8 days, the cotyledons of cucumbers are spread and the leaves are exposed. The seedlings are removed from the tray and placed in a nutrient bowl. The nutrient bowl is then placed in the seedling shed. Post-seedling management is the same as general seedlings.
Pollution-free cucumber seedless seedling raising technology
Soilless seedlings are also known as nursery liquids. Substrates and nutrient solutions are used to replace bed soil. The advantages are as follows: 1 Seedlings grow rapidly, vigorously, neatly, and have a well-developed root system, which can shorten the period of nursery time by 5 to 10 days. It can save the heavy labor of preparing nutrient soil; 3 reduce and avoid disease transmission, and overcome the continuous cropping of soil diseases; 4 seedling breeding program is easily standardized, suitable for large-scale nursery and plant nursery, and sports seedlings; 5 because of its light weight and easy transportation, It is conducive to the commercial production of nursery.