Hot days can result in reduced sow fertility and increased variation

A summary report of the latest research conducted by the Department of Biological Sciences of the University of Ritz is published in the BPEX series of articles "From Research to Action", No. 10.

The study analyzed a large amount of data, including weather, topography, and employee factors, so that factors that influence production during the summer and fall seasons are affected.

For sows housed outside of the UK, the days of heat during the lactation and weaning days (days with an average daily temperature of more than 18°C) will result in reduced fertility rates and increased variation.

During the lactation period, sows increase their calorie production as the amount of lactation increases, so the risk of heat stress increases until it reaches the maximum before weaning.

If the ambient temperature is high, then the sows may reduce feed intake and thus not meet the metabolic needs of lactation; so sows will consume their own reserves in order to meet the continuous demand for lactation, resulting in a declining body condition and possibly to follicles The developmental process has an adverse effect. Nutritional deficiency is associated with a decrease in the secretion of luteinizing hormone, which can cause delayed estrus, reduced fertility rates, and reduced rates of delivery.

This study found that gilts were the least affected by warm air temperatures, probably because they did not increase their metabolic needs prior to mating.

In order to cool down on a hot day, the sows will direct the body's blood to the skin and breast tissue, and the ovaries will have less blood supply. This may therefore adversely affect the quality of the egg and how well the uterus is prepared for pregnancy.

This study shows that when the average temperature exceeds 18°C ​​on that day, additional cooling measures should be provided for sows reared in the UK.

Management Guide

On hot days, feed intake of sows is monitored. If the sow’s feed intake falls, steps should be taken to cool them down or provide a high-energy diet.

In summer, sows are provided with rolling mud, or sprinkler heads are used to cool the sows and are available as early as possible during the year. For individual fences, sows can be sprayed with water to create a quagmire where the sow can stand or roll.

The painted sheds were painted white to reflect sunlight and lower the internal temperature; painting the sheds white lowered the internal temperature by approximately 7oC.

Pig sheds should be made of heat-insulating materials; in addition to being painted white, they can further reduce the effects of high temperatures.

The back of the pigshed is equipped with adjustable ventilation holes and the direction of the shed is adjusted to increase air circulation.

Give the sows to feed freely, or feed twice a day.

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