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In the rural areas of Gansu, many farmers have reported that the prices of chemical fertilizers are getting higher and higher, and more and more fertilizers are being used. However, the output is not on the cloud, and some places do not even increase. In the village of Sangyuan, Baisha Township, Qingshui County, Gansu, villager Ma Aiguo even questioned: “In the past, if the amount of chemical fertilizer was much higher, the output was high. Now that we don’t do much, isn't the fertilizer all fake?â€
From the Soil and Fertilizer Work Station of Gansu Province (hereinafter referred to as the Soil Fertilizer Station), it has been learned that although there are many pseudo-fertilizers, the main reason for the increase in fertilizer efficiency is due to the partial application of fertilizers by farmers and excessive fertilization.
According to Cui Zengqun, the director of the Gansu Province Soil and Fertilizer Station, fertilizers are not used as much as possible. The key is to balance fertilization. However, at present, large-scale fertilization has presented a "three-fold and three-light" phenomenon, namely, light nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, heavy organic fertilizers, light chemical fertilizers.
The survey conducted at the Gansu Soil Fertilizer Station shows that the proportion of N, P, and K in fertilizers used by farmers in Gansu is irrational. The current ratio of the three is about 1:0.35:0.12. There is still a big gap between the requirements of 1:0.5:0.2 as envisioned by experts. .
The input of organic fertilizer is also seriously insufficient. According to a survey conducted by Gansu soil fertility station in Lingtai County, Gansu Province, the local farmer's fertilizer use area accounts for only 47% of the total arable land area, and the use amount per mu is only 1050 kg. Compared with the 1980s, the application area and mu usage decreased by 32%. And 40%, and the quality of organic fertilizer is poor.
Between large fertilizers and micro-fertilizers, farmers also tend to over-apply large fertilizers while neglecting micronutrients. According to the survey, in some areas of Gansu, Henan, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer input is 21.8% higher than the demand for crop nutrients, while other nutrients are seriously missing.
The result of partial application of chemical fertilizers is that fertilization does not increase efficiency, and fertilizer utilization rate and contribution rate decrease year by year. The utilization rate of chemical fertilizers at the soil and fertilizer station in Gansu Province showed that the use of chemical fertilizers in Gansu Province was 14 kg per acre in 1978 and increased to 42.38 kg per acre in 2002. In 24 years, the use of chemical fertilizers increased by 3 times; while at the same time, Kilograms of chemical fertilizer production increased from 6.75 kilograms in 1978 to 3.37 kilograms in 2002, a two-fold decrease.
Increasing fertilizer does not increase efficiency, which in turn allows farmers to increase fertilizer input. According to Cui Zengqun, China’s chemical fertilizer production increases at an average annual rate of 21%. By 2000, the fertilizer consumption was 39 million tons, and the production volume was 34 million tons. It has become the world’s largest fertilizer consumption and production country, and it has increased dramatically. trend.
[American Bull Fertilizer Group Reproduced] - Fertilizer "Three Heavy, Three Light" Unfavorable Income Increase
While the prices of fertilizers and other agricultural materials have risen sharply, the phenomenon of partial application and excessive fertilization by farmers has also been very prominent. The main manifestations are "three-fold and three-light."