Cucumber physiological barrier prevention technology

(1) Symptoms and Causes In the protected cultivation of cucumbers, the phenomenon of flower topping often occurs, that is, the growth of cucumber plants is stagnant and the tapers are tight. The growth point no longer grows and elongates. The top leaflets are dense. In a very short period of time, flower clusters between the male and female flowers form, and the cucumber forms a self-sealing top, ie, “flower topping”; if the top shows a small melon, it is commonly called “melon”. top". The plants no longer have new leaves and shoots growing out, and the middle and lower parts are dark green and the surface is more shrivelled and protruding. Failure to take timely measures will cause plants to die soon, resulting in early production cuts that will seriously affect economic income. Cucumbers "flower topping" and "melon topping" are a physical disease. The main reason for this was the low temperature in the shed, especially the low night temperature and the large temperature difference between day and night. Shortly after the emergence of the cucumber, flower bud differentiation began when the true leaves were grown. When there are 3-4 true leaves, more than 20 leaf primordium and flower primordium have been differentiated at the plant growth point. The leaf primordia will grow into leaves in the future. The flower primordium gradually forms female flowers and male flowers. The temperature difference between cucumber and cucumber in the greenhouse Under large and short day conditions, it is beneficial to the formation of female flowers, while the formation of female flowers and male flowers requires more nutrients. Therefore, excessive female flower formation can inhibit vegetative growth and cause "flower topping" or "melon". Topping." Second, the ground temperature is low, the soil is too dry or too wet, the unfermented manure is applied, or a single excess of nitrogen fertilizer is used, resulting in poor root development and weak absorption capacity of the cucumber to form a flower topping. In addition, in order to pursue high yields, vegetable farmers often use gibberellins and Zenggualing similar to endogenous plant hormones. In this way, the endogenous hormones in the cucumber body are increased, so that the nutrients are mainly transported to the pistil, forming female flowers, and even a plurality of female flowers continuously. The male flowers are degenerated and become self-sealing plants with only old leaves but no new leaves.
(2) Prevention and control methods To raise seedlings in advance so that the seedlings are at a relatively high temperature, the night temperature of the flower bud differentiation stage is not lower than 13°C, and the daytime temperature is above 23°C; lightening measures should be taken to cover the grasshoppers in the greenhouses and cover them early. , extend the sunshine time as much as possible, conditional lighting can also be used; timely cultivator after planting, repeated soil loosening, increased soil temperature to increase soil permeability, promote root development, multiple new roots; water supply should be sufficient, planting water and seedling water Be sure to pour enough water and adjust it appropriately according to the weather, the growth of the plants, different locations in the greenhouse, and the temperature of the water. Make sure the manure is fully decomposed, evenly fertilized, and avoid the root cause of improper fertilization. Plants with flowering toppings harvest ripe melons in time, and perform sparsely flowering and thinning on female flowers or melons. Generally, the robust plants retain 1-2 fruits per plant, and the melons on weak plants are all removed to suppress reproduction. Growth, forcing transport of nutrients to the site of vegetative growth; spraying 300-400 times of cytokinin once every 7 days can effectively promote the germination of lateral buds and allow them to grow rapidly.

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