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(2) Introduction problem. Onion bulb formation period has strict requirements on temperature and sunshine. The medium and late-maturing varieties in the north can expand their bulbs at high temperature for more than 14 hours, while the mid- and early-maturing varieties in the south can form bulbs under the sunlight conditions within 13 hours of high temperature. Therefore, after the introduction of northern varieties into the South, in the short-day conditions, the bulbs can not be enlarged, only the long leaves; and after the introduction of the southern varieties into the North, the bulb expansion is too early, the performance is more early, due to underdeveloped leaves, resulting in the onion is too small, the output is not high. Therefore, attention should be paid when introducing onions from the same latitude.
(3) Density problem. In order to pursue the weight and diameter of a single onion, it is often cultivated too thin. The lack of density has greatly reduced the output, which is a common problem in various regions. In the future, the row spacing should be strictly controlled at 15 cm X 15 cm so as to obtain high yield.
(4) Product traits of varieties. The current onion production is mostly commodity production. Many places are used for export. Different onion countries and regions in the world require different onion traits. For example, in Hong Kong and Europe and the United States, white skin, spindle-shaped, and single-bulb species are required; in Japan and South Korea, yellow-peeled and flat round varieties are required: All over the country like red round spherical species. Producers should use appropriate varieties according to market requirements.
Onion selection and soil fertilization
(1) Preconvulsions. The phenomenon of convulsions before the onion bulb has reached the ripening stage is known as pre-convulsion. The convulsions in the early stages have greatly reduced their output and deteriorated their quality, which is a major problem in current production. In old production areas with production experience, the rate of convulsions in the early stage is about 5%, and in the inexperienced new production areas, the rate of convulsions in advance is more than 20%. The reason for the early convulsions is that the seedlings grow to a certain degree of nutrient accumulation (small bulb diameter 0.8 cm or more, 5 to 6 leaves or more), and continuous low temperature makes it convulsed under long-day high-temperature conditions. Measures to prevent early convulsions include: selection of suitable varieties (high precontraction rates for white-skin varieties, and low for yellow-skin varieties); mastering appropriate sowing dates; strict mastering of seedlings at the time of colonization; cultivating strong seedlings; appropriate colonization Fertilizer management; use of hormones (using 2500 mg/kg ethephon solution to spray seedlings, can reduce bolting rate); picking flower buds.