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First, the main way to cultivate large seedlings
1. Transplanting cultivation The seedlings are transferred from the original nursery to another nursery and grown into large seedlings at a large spacing.
2. Retention of nursery nursery trees will be repeatedly pumped elsewhere, left to grow into the required size of large seedlings.
3. Cultivation of Intercropping Seedlings are planted with small plant spacing and large row spacing. Suitable crops are planted between the rows and ploughs are used to cultivate the seedlings.
4. Mixing and Cultivation The seedlings of afforestation tree species (such as paulownia, indus, eucalyptus, etc.) and afforestation seedlings (such as fir, pine, etc.) will be mixed and afforested. When thinning is required, it can be dug and utilized.
5. Cultivation of forests Planting small green seedlings (such as cypress, eucalyptus, silver birch, cypress, etc.) into the woodland can be used to grow seedlings on an annual basis. In the above-mentioned methods of raising seedlings, the first two kinds of precious tree species suitable for cedar, cypress, golden pine, and araucaria are used to cultivate large seedlings, which have a higher density of transplants and are generally transplanted twice; and then three kinds of suitable general tree species are used for cultivating large seedlings with a low transplanting density. , generally only need to transplant 1 time.
Second, the transplant technology to cultivate large seedlings
1. The incubation period depends on the cultivation target and the growth rate of the tree species. Generally, it is 1 to 3 years for transplantation and 4 to 6 years for transplantation.
2. During the transplant season, deciduous trees are transplanted from the leaves to the next year before opening leaves; conifers should be transplanted earlier than deciduous trees; evergreen trees must be transplanted in the early stages of the rainy season.
3. nursery gardens for nursery and intercropping should be selected for higher fertility of woodland, deep plowing of soil, full base fertilizer, made of high beds; forests and mixed cultivation, must choose class I woodland, full depth Dig a large hole and apply basal fertilizer appropriately.
4. The small seedlings were rebuilt and the small, well-grown seedlings were selected to keep their roots intact and the dense branches and the long roots were cut. Evergreen broad-leaved trees should be cut off the lower branches and some leaves to reduce transpiration water loss and promote survival.
5. Transplantation density Transplantation density depends on species and cultivation specifications. Common row spacings are 12, 60, and 100 cm. Plant spacing is 10, 50, and 100 cm.
6. The method of transplantation is to use multi-point planting method, that is, planting small holes in seedbeds or big holes according to a predetermined row spacing. To achieve a correct shape, roots stretch, moderate depth, and pouring a good root water. The tree species with strong sprouting power, such as paulownia and French wolfberry, can be cut off and planted. All kinds of seedlings should be planted on a radial basis for easy management.
Third, to cultivate large seedlings management
1. Weeding and weeding in the first year of cultivation and weeding 5-6 times, 4 times in the 2nd year, 3rd in the 3rd year, and 1 or 2 times per year in the 4th year; the weeding and weeding depth should reach 15cm.
2. The height requirement of seedling pruning large seedling trunks is: greening seedlings of street trees and residential areas 3 to 4 meters; 1 to 2 meters of protection forest seedlings; and the requirements for gardening seedlings on the four sides. Cut off the branches and sprouts on the main trunk and trim the canopy as needed. The top buds are removed when the trunk height is up.
3. Water and Fertilizer Management Water should be removed during the rainy season. Irrigation must be performed promptly during droughts.
4. Insect pest control Food root pests can be applied to the soil layer in the carbofuran granules for control, or use bait traps; leaf insect pests can spray dimethoate, trichlorfon and other insecticides; infectious diseases should be transplanted Before the soil disinfection, spraying Bordeaux fluid before the onset of protection, after the onset of spraying agent-zinc, enemies and other fungicides for treatment.
5. Root-cutting treatment For 5-6-year-old seedlings, root cutting must be performed 1 to 2 years before the start to promote the growth of their fibrous roots, thereby increasing the survival rate of colonization. The cutting roots are generally performed in spring or autumn. The root system should be cut five times beyond the basic diameter of the seedlings. The cutting depth should be 2 times the seedling diameter, and the width should be 1 to 2 times the base diameter. It can be dug into a square or round shape. After filling in loose soil.
6. To raise the seedlings out of the nursery to master the principles of digging, packing, transporting and planting. Usually need to bring soil ball, soil ball to be tied with straw rope. If bare-rooted seedlings are to be dug, the roots must be slushed with mud and then shipped with wet grass.
Garden tree seedling cultivation techniques
Urban greening, tree planting on all sides, landscape construction, and shelterbelt construction all require large-scale saplings. Therefore, cultivating garden seedlings is a highly profitable industry. The key technical points for cultivating garden tree seedlings are as follows: