Air activated hand warmers contain cellulose, iron, water, activated carbon, vermiculite (water reservoir) and salt and produce heat from the exothermic oxidation of iron when exposed to air. They typically emit heat for 1 to 10 hours, although the heat given off rapidly diminishes after 1–2 hours.The oxygen molecules in the air react with iron, forming rust. Salt is often added to catalyze the process.
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How to care for family flowers in winter
When the winter temperature is low, it is not suitable for the growth of most flowers. In order to make winter safe for the winter, it is necessary to move into the room one after another in the early winter, and the conservation measures taken after entering the room must be taken into account in the characteristics of various flowers. Temperature: According to different flowers to adjust the northern region, the winter climate is cold, the temperature is low, the general southern flowers need to move into the indoor winter, and adjust the appropriate temperature according to the requirements of different flowers. Hi-temperature flowers, such as Milan, Poinsettia, African Impatiens, Begonias, and Cactus-like fleshy flowers, should be placed as far as possible on the interior windowsill with sufficient sunlight and high temperature (between 20°C and 25°C). The temperature must not be less than 10°C. Hi-temperature flowers, such as jasmine, geranium, Chinese rose, evergreen, suitable for winter temperatures from 18 °C to 22 °C, the minimum temperature of not less than 6 °C. Low-temperature flowers, such as kumquat, sweet-scented osmanthus, and orchids, should be maintained at a temperature between 12°C and 15°C in winter and a minimum temperature of 2°C. Aquatic flowers, such as lotuses, water lilies, Eichhornia crassipes, ponting lotus, etc., should be released immediately before the frost, and the flowerpots should be moved to the cellar or hallway hall. The temperature should be kept at 5°C. Spray water properly. In addition, flowers that bloom in winter and spring, as well as flowers that are bright and warm, such as crab claws, cyclamen, camellia, poinsettia, milan, jasmine, etc., should be placed on the windowsill or in a sunny place near the windowsill. Sexually sunny but resistant to evergreen flowers or dormant flowers: such as sweet-scented osmanthus, citrus, can be placed in a cool place with scattered light. In general, flowers that are not strictly light-required, such as potted water lilies and roses, can be placed in shaded areas where there is no light. Fertilization: To minimize or stop most flowers in winter from entering dormancy, try to reduce fertilization or stop fertilization. Indoor flowers that do not sleep during the winter, such as evergreen flowers such as tiger's-earth orchid, hollyhock, palm, and green radish, have almost no requirement for fertilizer when the room temperature is around 5°C. Therefore, it is not necessary to top-dress the fertilizer. If the temperature is low, fertilizer will appear easily. Root rot phenomenon. The main reason is that the growth of the roots of plants in winter is in a slow state. The fertilized materials cannot be absorbed by the roots, but will impede the normal absorption of the roots. In severe cases, they will rot. If the room temperature is high (above 20°C), and winter flowering flowers, such as cineraria, cyclamen, primrose, calendula, African Impatiens, flamingo, etc., it is necessary to apply thin organic fertilizer once every two months. A small amount of compound fertilizer can also be applied. It is best to use pot-free “fermented flowers†​​or fermented rice water in order to prevent the fertilizer from polluting the indoor environment. Some acidic soil flowers such as camellia, rhododendron, mimosa, kaffir lily, seasonal osmanthus, etc., should be regularly applied to irrigated water (add 0.1% ferrous sulphate in the brewing fertilizer water) to make the leaves dark green and shiny At the same time can make flowers aroma. In addition, some flowers can also grow well when the temperature is low in winter, such as cabbage, cold water, jellyfish, etc., can use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and a reasonable combination of nitrogen fertilizer, but the amount should be properly controlled. Watering: Avoid watering directly with tap water. In winter, the temperature of water is low, watering of flowers should be stored or dried by utensils. Avoid direct watering with tap water to prevent excessive temperature difference and damage the root system. Because the winter temperatures are constantly falling, the metabolism of flowers is slow, or they enter a dormant state. Generally, pot flowers should be strictly controlled. If the pottings are not too dry, do not water them, especially shade-tolerant flowers, and avoid rot-root defoliation caused by excessive watering. General watering time should be suitable before and after noon. For some evergreen and humid evergreen flowers, such as asparagus, Monstera, spring, bamboo, camellia, evergreen, etc., they should be sprayed with water similar to the room temperature to clean the dust, in order to facilitate photosynthesis. . Disease and Insect Pest Control: Indoors should pay attention to ventilation In winter, due to poor indoor ventilation, some flowers often have powdery mildew, coal smoke, aphids, and spider mites. The disease can be sprayed with 0.1% carbendazim or thiophanate liquid, and pests can be sprayed with 0.2% dimethoate or insecticide. When spraying pesticides, it is best to move the pot to the outside, or you can bury the insecticidal tablets in the soil. In addition, the interior should pay attention to ventilation, the whole winter should open the window ventilation at noon in sunny weather, in order to reduce the occurrence of pests, but also conducive to the robust growth of flowers.