Wheat is the second largest food crop in China after rice. China has a vast territory and complex geographical conditions. There are many types of wheat pests and diseases, and the scope of occurrence is very serious and the damage is very serious. According to statistics, annual output of wheat in China due to various pests and diseases caused about 30% reduction in wheat production. Grasping prevention and control at the autumn sowing date can play a multiplier role in controlling wheat pests. In recent years, with the vigorous promotion of agricultural departments at all levels, large-scale planting of pesticides to control autumn plant diseases and insect pests has been carried out throughout the country, which has effectively controlled wheat diseases and insect pests throughout the year. In order to earnestly do a good job in the autumn seed dressing of winter wheat in 2010-2011, the following prevention and control proposals are proposed. I. Main control objects, main areas for wheat seed dressing 1. Wheat stripe rust, and wheat powdery mildew. The main areas are wheat stripe rust summer areas and autumn seedlings. 2. Soil-borne diseases are mainly sheath blight, total erosion, and root rot. Mainly include China's Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin, Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hebei, Shaanxi and other areas with high soil moisture and new areas of wheat full-blown disease. 3. Diseases infested by the system include stalk smut, scattered smut, and smut. According to the amount of soil bacteria and the incidence of previous years, there is no fixed area of ​​occurrence. 4. Underground pests, mainly cockroaches, cockroaches and wireworms. The main wheat planting areas occur all the time. It should be decided whether the seed dressing should be carried out according to the situation in the previous year. Insect pests usually eat wheat stems and roots in autumn and return to green, resulting in lack of seedlings and ridges. Second, how to do seed dressing The use of pesticide seed dressing for the prevention and control of wheat diseases and insect pests should adopt a method of district management. According to the types of local pests and diseases, the types of seed dressing agents, their application methods and dosages should be determined. 1. Trichoderma bactericides with long-acting and long-acting effects, such as triadimefon (also known as triadimefon) and triadimenol (also known as oxytetrazolium), are used for the control of wheat stripe rust in summer and winter areas. Propiconazole, tyropoxazole, diniconazole, etc., can be selected according to the situation of the source of the drug. For areas where multiple diseases and insect pests at the seedling stage occur simultaneously and alternately, the fungicides and insecticides should be used for mixed seed dressing. To achieve the purpose of controlling pests such as underground pests, midges, and roundworms. The effective concentration of triadimefon and other fungicides is very low, and seed dressing at a proportion of 0.03% (active ingredient) of the dry seed weight can achieve good disease-preventing effect. After the treatment of wheat seeds, the emergence of seedlings often appears delayed (usually late emergence 1 to 2 days), dwarfing of plants, but no adverse effects on the rate of emergence, late growth and yield. If you overdo it, it will cause injury. 2. Prevention and control of underground pests Mixing wheat seed and treating soil before sowing is the most effective measure to control wheat soil pests. Seed dressing treatment: For the general area of ​​the underground pests, the methods of seed dressing can be used for prevention and treatment. 50% phoximite seed dressing can be used, according to 0.2% of the seed amount, that is, 100 gram seed medicine 100 grams, 2-3 kilograms of water, also available 48% chlorpyrifos EC 0.3% seed weight seed dressing, after mixing Boring 4-6 hours can be sown, can effectively control the underground pests. Treatment of soils: Soil pests in severe areas should be treated with soil treatment and seed dressing. Soil treatment can be applied to the ground with 3% phoxim granules in an amount of 2-2.5 kg evenly and then turned into soil. . Mu can also use 50% of phoxim EC 250 ml, dilute 1-2 kg, mix fine soil 20-25 kg made of toxic soil, evenly spread on the ground, and then turned into the soil. 3. Prevention and cure of diseases such as smut, full-bleeding, and powdery mildew The use of chemical seed dressing can not only control wheat smut, but also effectively control the occurrence and damage of winter wheat rust, total erosion, and powdery mildew, and reduce the amount of overwintering bacteria. (1) scattered smut, smut, root rot, sheath blight, full-bleeding and other areas, available 40% pentachloronitrobenzene according to the weight of 0.5% of wheat flour dry mix (ie 40 grams per acre, mixed wheat about 8 kg), control of wheat smut; can also choose 6 tebuconazole (Li Kexiu) a bag of suspension (10 ml), add water 0.8-1 kg, seed dressing 50- 70 kg, or 2.5% Fluotrini (SEA) Suspension Seed Dressing wheat seed at the recommended dose and treating both rust and powdery mildew in autumn; 15% triadimefon wettable powder at a seed weight of 0.2% Or 20% triadimefon EC 1 kg water 5 kg, mixed with 500 kg of wheat seed, can prevent powdery mildew, leaf rust. (2) In areas with severe wheat rot disease, 12.5% ​​thiotetracycline (completely eroded) suspension agent can be used for seed treatment, which has a good control effect on wheat whole rot disease. Normally use a full net net of a bag (20 ml), first mix with 300-500 ml, mix 20-25 pounds of seed, mix and suffocate for 6-12 hours (beneficial for the drug to play and kill pathogens) After soaking in the shade, sow. (3) In wheat yellow dwarf disease and bushy dwarf disease areas, imidacloprid can be used to treat seeds, prevent and control insects, control the occurrence of wheat yellow dwarf disease and bush dwarf disease, and simultaneously treat underground pests. (4) In areas where a variety of diseases and pests are mixed, it is necessary to vigorously promote application of a seed coating agent or a seed dressing agent compounded with fungicides and insecticides for coating or seed treatment. All local areas should be based on the main types of pests and diseases, select the appropriate formulation of seed coating agents or seed dressings, the amount of which is generally compounded (mixed) agent in a single dose of active ingredients and used alone. Third, pay attention to matters 1. Determine the type of medicine according to the conditions of the disease. If the occurrence of wheat seedlings in the local area is very light, and the disease is severe, only the fungicides can be used for seed dressing, and pesticides do not have to be used; if pests and diseases are mixed, they must be mixed with insecticides and mixed with fungicides. If the occurrence of soil pests is heavy, seed dressing may not achieve the desired control effect, and seed dressing and soil treatment methods shall be adopted to prevent and control wheat pests. 2. Accurately determine the amount of pesticides. Prevention and control of wheat underground pests, can be used 50% of phoxim EC, prevention and control of wheat aphid, total erosion, powdery mildew and sheath blight and other diseases, can be used 15% of triadimefon wettable powder and 6% of Rikenxi suspension mixture Wheat seeds. Practice has proved that if wheat is used with Triadimefon, Phoxim and other pesticides, if the amount is too large, it will cause obvious phytotoxicity to wheat, which will cause the emergence of wheat to be delayed, and the growth will be slow. In severe cases, it will even appear to lack of seedlings, so it should be particularly note. 3. Note the seed dressing method. For wheat seed dressings such as phoxim, the pesticides should be diluted with water first, and then mix well with the wheat seeds to cover the stuffy stuff and sow the seeds. Wheat is dressed with quintozene, triadimefon, and Rickettsia. The seed should be sprayed with water until it is moist, and then the agent is evenly mixed on the seed, and then immediately sown or dried after sowing. If it is necessary to use insecticides for seed dressing and seed dressing with fungicides, insecticides should be mixed first, and then mixed with fungicide, and then immediately sowed. 4 with the broadcast with the broadcast, can not be long home. After wheat is seeded with insecticides, it usually takes 2-3 hours, up to 5-6 hours, and the seeds are sown immediately after being absorbed by the wheat seeds. Generally, after wheat is sterilized with a fungicide, it should be immediately sown or dried immediately after being dried. 5. In strict accordance with the seed dressing operation regulations to prevent poisoning of humans and animals, it is best to apply uniform seed dressing. Milky Oolong,Oolong Green Tea,Oolong Tea Coles,Oolong Tea Leaves Hunan Junshan Yinzhen Tea Industry Co.,Ltd , https://www.junshan-tea.com