The proper design of facilities and equipment can effectively prevent the intrusion of harmful pathogenic microorganisms outside the shacks. Disposable Plastic Aprons,Plastic Aprons,Disposable Aprons,Disposable Polythene Aprons Surgimed Medical Supplies Co.,Ltd , https://www.surgimedcn.com
First, the building requires small and family rearing crickets. When the number is small, the vacant private houses can be used for reconstruction. The ground is best used for cement. In the case of a large market, there should be an overall design, taking into account the layout of the hatchery, chicks, houses, breeding houses, egg houses, finishing houses and ancillary houses, taking into account the environment and The best configuration of the equipment in the house.
1. Good thermal insulation performance The thermal insulation property means that there is less heat loss in the shacks. In the winter, the temperature in the house is higher than the temperature outside the house, so the clams do not feel very cold, so as to facilitate clam growth and early egg production in the spring. Thermal insulation refers to the fact that the high temperature outside the summer house does not radiate into the house, making the clam feel cool, which can increase the growth rate and egg production of clams. Normal temperature should be maintained at 20-25°C, and the brooding room temperature should be maintained at 30-39°C.
2, the temperature should be reasonable and generally require a relative humidity of 55%. Humid and hot environment is easy to induce coccidiosis, gastroenteritis and fowl cholera and other diseases.
3, good lighting conditions The light is sufficient to maintain a good condition is an important condition, adequate lighting can promote the body's metabolism, thereby increasing appetite, increase growth rate, while also promoting spasmodic maturation and increase the breeding rate of breeding eggs. When natural light is insufficient, artificial lighting must be added.
4, well-ventilated well-ventilated, can keep the dormitory dry, reduce the amount of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and carbon dioxide in the dormitory, in order to ensure the normal metabolism of the cockroach, which is conducive to the healthy growth and development of cockroaches. It is well ventilated in summer and can also reduce the temperature of the shacks and reduce heat stress. Therefore, the shacks should be facing south, the ratio of the window area to the indoor floor should be 1 to 5 to facilitate light, ventilation, warmth, and dryness. Doors and windows should be equipped with screens with an aperture of less than 1.5 cm to prevent mosquitoes and flies.
5, is conducive to epidemic prevention and disinfection disinfection chambers in the cement floor as well, easy to clean, can resist acid, alkali and other disinfectant liquid cleaning and disinfection, while preventing rodents from drilling into the shackles. The ground should be smooth, smooth and free of water. You should also leave enough sewers to rinse and disinfect.
6. The economical and practical construction of the building is based on the principles of economy and practicality, adapting to local conditions, minimizing the construction cost, and achieving the purpose of economical use under the premise of satisfying the temperature, light and epidemic prevention conditions required by cockroaches.
Second, the family homes for raising eel or professional eel breeding, there is a certain area of ​​euphorbia, its form and structure are different, not only economic and practical, local conditions, but also to meet the growth and development of eel need.
1. There are many types of rooftops for roofs, and there are single-slope and double-slope roofs. It is required that the roofing materials have good insulation performance, heat insulation, and easy to discharge rain. It is recommended to use color steel insulation board or asbestos tile + foam board + plastic sheet, which is beneficial to winter insulation and summer heat insulation.
2, the construction of various types of shacks (1) hatching room, hatching room is the kind of place where the hatchery was born, the appropriate temperature, good ventilation, clean and sterile and other conditions are to ensure high hatching rate and healthy chicks Important conditions. The incubator room consists of the disinfection room at the entrance of the incubator room, toilets, egg storage and egg-sterilization cabinets (rooms), egg-laying rooms, hatching rooms, hatching rooms, cockroach and diner rooms, and classification rooms, hair raising rooms, power distribution rooms, and warehouses. And incubators, cleaning and disinfection room. Personnel entering the hatchery and breeding eggs into the hatchery to leave the hatchery must be a one-way process.
The hatching form, hatching room, hatching room and other areas are determined according to the source and number of eggs, the number of feedable animals, hatching batches, hatching intervals, and hatching amount per batch. The hatchery room and hatching room area should also be determined according to the incubator type, size, number of units and sufficient operating area.
1 hatching hall, field space: If the machine is hatched, the wall, floor and ceiling of the hatchery room should use fire-proof, moisture-proof and easy-to-flush materials. The hatchery rooms (especially hatching room and hatching room) are best. Column-free structure for more rational installation of incubator equipment and operation. The door is about 2.4 meters high and 1.2-1.5 meters wide to facilitate the transportation of eggs and egg carts. The floor to ceiling height is 3.4-3.8 meters. There should be a buffer room between the hatchery and the hatching room to facilitate hatching operations and facilitate disease prevention.
The ground floor of the hatchery is required to be solid and can be washed with cement or floorboards. A drainage ditch shall be provided at the front edge of the incubator equipment, and the iron fence on the top cover shall be kept level with the ground.
2 The temperature and humidity of the hatchery: The ambient temperature should be maintained at 22-28°C, and the relative humidity of the environment should be maintained at 60%-80%.
3 Ventilation of the hatchery: The incubator should have good exhausting facilities. The purpose is to discharge the high-temperature exhaust gas from the hatchery to the outside to avoid repeated use of exhaust gas. In order to supply sufficient fresh air to the hatchery, in the case of insufficient natural ventilation, air intake ducts and air intake fans should be installed. The fresh air is preferably introduced into the room after being raised (lowered) by air conditioning equipment, and the total air intake should be greater than Displacement.
4 Water supply in the hatchery: The water used for humidification and cooling must be clean soft water, and hard water with high magnesium and calcium content should be prohibited. The joints (valves) of the water supply system should generally be set behind the incubator or at other convenient locations.
5 Power supply in hatchery: Provide sufficient power supply guarantee and install incubator equipment according to the instructions; each machine should be separately connected with the power supply, install insurance, and the load of each power line of the power supply should be basically kept in balance; the area with frequent power outages is recommended to install Backup generators for power outages; lightning protection devices must be installed, and lightning protection ground lines should be buried 1.5-2 meters deep underground.
(2) Egg bank: The egg bank is used for storing eggs. It requires good ventilation and good insulation and heat insulation. The temperature inside the refrigerator should be maintained at 15-18°C. Egg banks are to prevent the entry of mosquitoes, flies, rats, and birds. The indoor area of ​​the egg bank is sufficient to place egg trays at the peak of the eggs and the operation is convenient.
(3) Brooder House: The broiler house is also called an insulated house. After being vaccinated at the hatchery, the larvae are sent to the brooding house. In order to adapt to the physiological characteristics of the quail, it is essential to build a comfortable environment. The construction requirements of the brooding house are to facilitate the insulation, to facilitate ventilation and disinfection, to make full use of sunlight, and to save electricity costs.
In the construction, a buffer room should be built at the head of the brooding room. The size of the brooding room should be determined according to the volume of the broiler room. The general broiler room is 13 meters long and 4.5 meters wide. The broiler cage can be placed inside the brothel. 5 rows and 8 columns (single row against the wall). The buffer house has a length of 2 meters and a door width of 1.2 meters. It can raise 8,000 to 10,000 broods at a time.
1 Ground: The ground of the brooding room should be cemented or made of red brick to prevent rat holes, and the ground should be leveled. At the same time, there must be a certain gap, that is, a little higher near the buffer house and slightly lower on the other side. , And to leave a drainage outlet outside the dormitory, so that when washing more convenient, manure is easily discharged outdoors.
2 Walls: The walls in the shacks need to use sand ash, which is a mixture of sand and lime. Wipe them once. The thickness is 1 cm. Then use white ash to make them white. The exterior walls should be cemented.
3 Window: The window of the brooding house has two purposes. One is lighting and the other is ventilation. Because the brooding stage requires a relatively high temperature, the window on both sides of the wall is usually made of plastic sheeting with strong light transmittance. Sealed dead, only to leave the skylight as an active vent, to adjust the room and temperature, skylights and windows should be closed with a 1 cm diameter welded wire mesh to prevent rodents from entering.
4 Room temperature: Brooding requires room temperature to be maintained at 20-30°C. If there are warm-up umbrellas or other heating methods for brooding, the greenhouse may be lower.
(4) Nursing homes: The breeding houses are used to raise bred animals 21 days old or older. The basic requirements for building a bred house are similar to those of a broiler house. However, the heat preservation requirement is not as stringent as the broiler house. With the growth of the chicks, the metabolic capacity increases, and the requirements for ventilation and air freshening of the shacks increase. There are windows around the room to increase lighting. There should be more frontal windows and less side and rear.
(5) Adult crickets: The breeding density of quail is high, and the size of the culturists varies greatly. Except for large-scale breeding farms, family breeding crickets can be adapted to local conditions. Since crickets are simple, they build dormitories.
The construction of the shacks requires the house to have good thermal insulation, adequate lighting, and good ventilation to prevent rats and other animals from entering. The inside and outside walls are smooth and easy to clean, rinse and disinfect. The floor should be sloped at 10° to allow flushing during excrement removal. There is also an air intake on the gable wall (air inlet cooling device or hot air device can be installed on the air inlet), and a grate fan should be installed on the other end of the gable. In areas where the temperature is suitable throughout the year and the temperature difference between day and night is small throughout the year, natural ventilation structures can be used. The air intakes are located below the walls of the shacks, and the air outlets are located on the roof. Trees should be planted on both sides of the shacks. Trees can be planted on both sides of the new shacks, and vines such as loofah, gourd, pumpkin and creeper can be planted on both sides of the new shacks. Fruit trees, crops, etc. can be planted between the shacks so that it is beneficial to cool down during the hot summer months.
(6) Kinds of species: The species is mainly used for mating and production of eggs for breeding purposes, and the species used for breeding during the period of production is also kept in it. It can also be used as a breeding ground until after sexual maturity. The species requires sufficient lighting conditions and insulation conditions, and the ratio of the light receiving area to the culture area is 1 to 10. The northern wall must be windproof and the roof requires good thermal insulation. There must be lighting fixtures in the housing so as to provide artificial auxiliary lighting. The general light intensity is maintained at 2-3 watts per square meter.
(7) Meat mortuary: The basic construction requirements are similar to those for bred larvae that are used for culling and culling of culled pods. Only the general feeding system is adopted. More use of three-dimensional cage breeding. The size and number of sheds should be determined based on factors such as feeding methods, production scale and length of feeding period.
(8) Feed warehouse: The feed warehouse should be able to prevent moisture, prevent rodents, release birds, ventilation and heat insulation in good conditions. Most of the feed warehouses use brick and wood structures, overhead concrete floors, or three layers of linoleum to spread the moisture and then spread the cement. Warehouses with large stocks should have exhaust devices. The window and vents are fenced with barbed wire to prevent rats and birds. The warehouse should be 5 meters high and 9 meters deep, and its doors should ensure easy access to vehicles. Raw materials, processing materials and finished products should be stored separately.