Application of TPA test method (full texture analysis) in texture test of fruits and vegetables

The texture characteristics are extremely important quality factors for fruits and vegetables. The physical property analyzer reflects the texture characteristics of fruits and vegetables related to mechanical properties. The results have high sensitivity and objectivity, and have been applied to fruits and vegetables and processed products. Physical research and monitoring.

The application of physical property analyzer in fruit mainly includes testing its maturity, firmness, hardness of peel or husk, fragility of fruit and elasticity of peel or pulp; application in vegetables mainly refers to testing its maturity, hardness, Crispness, elasticity, breaking strength, toughness, softness, and fiberiness.


1.TPA test method

The TPA test method is also called full texture analysis. It is a test method commonly used in the world. It mainly reflects the hardness, brittleness, viscosity, elasticity, cohesiveness, recovery and resistance of fruits through the secondary pressing of the probe. Tsui, adhesive.

The trajectory of the probe during the TPA test is: Starting from the starting position, the probe is pressed against the test sample at a rate (Pretest Speed), and after touching the surface of the sample, the sample is compressed by a certain distance at a test speed (Test Speed). Then return to the compressed trigger point (Trigger), continue to compress down the same distance after a period of time, and then return to the position before the probe is measured at the Post Test Speed. Through testing, parameters such as hardness, brittleness, adhesiveness, chewiness, elasticity, modulus of elasticity, adhesion, recovery and cohesiveness can be obtained from the curve.


2. Application of TPA test in texture analysis of fruits and vegetables

Pome fruit such as apples and pears, stone fruits such as peaches, peaches and brown dates, other fruits such as pineapples, potatoes, tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables are generally longitudinally sampled with a puncher and then cut into wafers of uniform thickness, or Use a blade to cut into squares of uniform size and place them under a cylindrical probe of a certain diameter, such as FG/ 5, FG/ 50, FG/100, etc., and set the appropriate parameters for compression testing. The general parameters are set to: before, during and after the test, the rate is 1-5 mm/s, the compression degree is 30%-60%, the residence interval is 5 s, and the trigger force is 0.1-0.3 N. The main research is hardness, brittleness and adhesion. Sex, elasticity, recovery, cohesion, chewiness, etc.

Berry fruits such as grapes can be peeled and TPA tested with a cylindrical flat probe; grapes can also be compressed under the FG/100 probe like other berries such as bayberry, tomato, strawberry, cherry tomato, etc. The texture test method of chickpea is the same as above. The TPA parameter compression degree is about 30%, the test rate is 1.0 mm/s, the trigger force is 0.1-0.3 N, and the hardness, elasticity, cohesiveness, chewiness, recovery and Adhesive and other parameters.

Compared with other texture testing methods of fruits and vegetables, the TPA test mode can provide multiple parameters at a time, reflecting the physical properties of fruits from different angles such as cell-to-cell binding force and tissue structure, saving time and effort, and maximizing savings. The sample.

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